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The aim of this cross\u2010sectional in vivo proteomic study was to compare the acquired enamel pellicle protein profile of 3\u20135\u2010year\u2010old children with ECC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010) and caries\u2010free children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010). Acquired enamel pellicle samples were collected and processed for proteomic analysis (nLC\u2010ESI\u2010MS\/MS). In total, 241 proteins were identified. Basic salivary proline\u2010rich protein 1 and 2, Cystatin\u2010B, and SA were found only in the caries free group. When comparing caries free and ECC groups, lower protein levels were found in the caries free group for hemoglobin subunit beta, delta, epsilon, gamma\u20102, globin domain\u2010containing protein and gamma\u20101, neutrophil defensin 3, serum albumin, protein S100\u2010A8, and S100\u2010A9. The proteins histatin\u20101, statherin, salivary acidic proline\u2010rich phosphoprotein \u00bd, proline\u2010rich protein 4, submaxillary gland androgen\u2010regulated protein 3B, alpha\u2010amylase 1 and 2B were found at higher levels in the caries free group. The exclusive and the proteins found at higher levels in the caries free group might have protective functions that play a role in the prevention of caries, besides providing important insights to be evaluated in future studies for the possible development of new therapeutic strategies for ECC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T01:56:17Z","timestamp":1688694977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Proteomic profile of the acquired enamel pellicle of children with early childhood caries and caries\u2010free children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0883-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethania Paludo","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Orthopedics School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio 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