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The expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA) is increased during the wound\u2010healing process, and \u03b1\u2010SMA\u2010positive fibroblasts accelerate tissue repair. However, it remains largely unknown whether \u03b1\u2010SMA\u2010positive fibroblasts influence pulpal repair. In this study, we established an experimental rat pulpotomy model and found that the expression of \u03b1\u2010SMA was increased in dental pulp after pulpotomy relative to that in normal dental pulp. In vitro results showed that the expression of \u03b1\u2010SMA was increased during the induction of odontogenic differentiation in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) compared with untreated DPSCs. Moreover, \u03b1\u2010SMA overexpression promoted the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs via increasing mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, \u03b1\u2010SMA overexpression activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway by rapamycin decreased the mitochondrial function in \u03b1\u2010SMA\u2010overexpressing DPSCs and suppressed the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Furthermore, we found that \u03b1\u2010SMA overexpression increased the secretion of transforming growth factor beta\u20101 (TGF\u2010\u03b21). In sum, our present study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which \u03b1\u2010SMA promotes odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by increasing mitochondrial respiratory activity via the mTOR signaling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T05:10:00Z","timestamp":1697605800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of alpha smooth muscle actin in odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8598-535X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeyi","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Stomatology Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology  Guangzhou Guangdong 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