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Oral cells were collected from 76 participants, including 15 healthy individuals, 10 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia but without a history of OM and 51 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients with a history of OM (35 with active OM and 16 who had recovered from OM). Global DNA methylation in the <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20101<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20103<\/jats:italic> genes was performed. Seven polymorphisms rs1801131, rs1801133 (<jats:italic>MTHFR<\/jats:italic>), rs2228611 (<jats:italic>DNMT1<\/jats:italic>), rs7590760, rs1550117 (<jats:italic>DNMT3A<\/jats:italic>), rs6087990, rs2424913 (<jats:italic>DNMT3B<\/jats:italic>) were genotyped and an analysis of association with global DNA methylation was performed. The global methylation levels were lower in cancer patients recovered from OM than in the other groups. A higher frequency of unmethylated profile for <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20101<\/jats:italic> and partially methylated profile for <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20103<\/jats:italic> was observed in cancer patients regardless of OM history compared to healthy patients. The GG genotype of the rs2228611 (<jats:italic>DNMT1<\/jats:italic>) polymorphism was associated with higher levels of global methylation in cancer patients irrespective of OM. It was concluded that global methylation is associated with mucosal recovery. The effect of <jats:italic>DNMT1<\/jats:italic> genotype on the global DNA methylation profile, as well as the methylation profile of <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20101<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>miR\u20109\u20103<\/jats:italic> in cancer patients is independent of OM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.13009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T04:45:55Z","timestamp":1722314755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Epigenetic mechanisms and oral mucositis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7023-6893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Ramalho","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Health Sciences Center Federal University of Para\u00edba, \u2010 UFPB  Jo\u00e3o Pessoa Para\u00edba 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