{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:14:04Z","timestamp":1789596844313,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to correlate levels of salivary and serum glutamate in patients with\/without generalized periodontitis and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on glutamate and cognition. We hypothesized that periodontitis and T2DM are associated with altered glutamate levels and poorer cognitive performance and explored whether SRP\u2010related changes in glutamate relate to cognitive performance. Eighty patients aged 45\u201370\u2010yr were allocated into four groups: healthy, periodontitis, T2DM and periodontitis with T2DM (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a020 each). Periodontal parameters, Trail Making Tests (TMT\u2010A and TMT\u2010B) and salivary and serum glutamate levels were recorded at baseline and 1\u2010month post\u2010SRP. Diabetic patients showed higher glutamate levels, poorer periodontal status and prolonged TMT times than non\u2010diabetics at baseline. Glutamate levels decreased significantly after SRP, whereas TMT completion times showed only small reductions. Serum glutamate levels showed a significant, moderate positive correlation with TMT\u2010B scores. Fasting plasma glucose and glutamate were significant predictors of periodontitis. Glutamate was altered but did not mediate the periodontitis\u2010TMT association. In T2DM and non\u2010T2DM patients, serum glutamate was the most accurate marker to differentiate periodontitis. SRP improved periodontal status, reduced glutamate levels and was associated with improved executive function and processing speed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.70128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T02:47:32Z","timestamp":1785379652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Glutamate, its relation to periodontitis, diabetes and cognition before and after scaling and root planing"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Munishwar","family":"Rama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology The Oxford Dental College  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nichani","family":"Ashish S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology The Oxford Dental College  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pai B. 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