{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:04:35Z","timestamp":1790762675313,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008582","name":"McGill University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["130088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["130088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigated fibroblast and bacteria proliferation on polyetheretherketone (PEEK)\u2010implant material 3D\u2010printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) in comparison to titanium (cp\u2010Ti) and zirconia (ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Four groups were tested, including horizontally FDM\u2010printed PEEK (PH), vertically printed FDM\u2010PEEK (printed vertically [PV]), cp\u2010Ti and ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured on discs (15\/group), with viability evaluated at 1\u2010, 3\u2010, and 7\u2010d and cytokine production (IL\u20106 and IL\u20108) measured at 3\u2010d. Discs (9\/group) were exposed to\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus oralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    with bacteria counted at 1\u2010 and 2\u2010d. Discs underwent scanning electron microscopy and surface roughness testing. Although fibroblast proliferation was similar for all groups at 24\u00a0h, values were significantly higher for PV than ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    at 3\u2010d. At 7\u2010d, fibroblast proliferation was significantly lower on PH than cp\u2010Ti. Bacterial adhesion for ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    was lower than other groups at 24\u00a0h and lower than PV and PH at 48\u00a0h. IL\u20108 production was similar between groups, whereas IL\u20106 was higher on cp\u2010Ti compared to ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . PV was significantly rougher than other groups. FDM\u2010PEEK induces early fibroblast adhesion and viability and bacterial colonization comparable to reference implant materials. The positive outcomes of this study underscore FDM\u2010PEEK as a promising biomaterial comparable to established implant and prosthetic materials in terms of favorable biological responses and potential soft\u2010tissue seal.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:42:18Z","timestamp":1790761338000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fibroblast and bacterial adhesion on a 3D\u2010printed polyetheretherketone\u2010based implant material"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Branco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Biology and Biochemistry Research Group Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB)  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8437-9991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine Universit\u00e9 Laval  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9643-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nesma","family":"El\u2010Amier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry Mansoura University  El Mansoura Dakahlia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neusa","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Biology and Biochemistry Research Group Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB)  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9927-3372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1474-2681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Biology and Biochemistry Research Group, LIBPhys Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"CEMDBE\u2010Cochrane Portugal Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria da Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon 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