{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:44:29Z","timestamp":1791215069871,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]],"date-time":"2012-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To assess the association between epilepsy and exposure to the parasites, <jats:italic>Toxocara canis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Taenia solium<\/jats:italic> in a slum\u2010community in India.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A door\u2010to\u2010door survey to determine the prevalence of epilepsy was carried out by trained field workers. For every case, one age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched control was selected from the same community. Serologic evaluation was carried out to detect antibodies against <jats:italic>T.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T.\u00a0solium<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Key Findings:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The crude prevalence of active epilepsy was 7.2 per 1,000. We enrolled 114 people with active epilepsy and 114 controls. The prevalence of antibodies to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic> was similar in people with active epilepsy (4.7%; 5 of 106 people) and in controls (5.7%; 6 of 106 people). The prevalence of antibodies to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0solium<\/jats:italic> was 25.5% (27 of 106) in people with active epilepsy, significantly higher than in controls (12.3%; 13 of 106 cases; p\u2003=\u20030.02). Adjusted conditional (fixed\u2010effects) logistic regression estimated an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.2\u20136.8) for detection of <jats:italic>T.\u00a0solium<\/jats:italic> antibodies. Nineteen people with active epilepsy demonstrated evidence of neurocysticercosis (NCC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including 7 (36.5%) with solitary cysticercus granuloma.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Significance:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our findings do not support an association between epilepsy and exposure to <jats:italic>T.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic> in the community studied. A significant association between <jats:italic>T.\u00a0solium<\/jats:italic> exposure and epilepsy was observed. Of those with active epilepsy and evidence of NCC on MRI, a large proportion demonstrated solitary cysticercus granuloma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]],"date-time":"2012-10-25T12:46:21Z","timestamp":1351169181000},"page":"2203-2208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Association between epilepsy and cysticercosis and toxocariasis: A population\u2010based case\u2013control study in a slum in India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Gagandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasleena","family":"Bawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepinder","family":"Chinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Saggar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Modi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josemir W.","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02539.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA) for the detection of specific IgG antibodies to Toxocara canis ES antigens","volume":"65","author":"Brunello F","year":"1986","journal-title":"Boll Ist Sieroter Milan"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91771-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00433.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1982.tb06197.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in children in Kashmir, J & K state, India","volume":"3","author":"Dar ZA","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iran J Parasitol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.58.2.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.2.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2005.36504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ed9eae"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14117-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000080090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs. 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