{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:58:31Z","timestamp":1774612711666,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust","award":["083744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["083744"]}]},{"name":"Research Training Fellowship","award":["099782\/Z\/12\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["099782\/Z\/12\/Z"]}]},{"name":"European Union EVIMalR Network 7 Programme","award":["WT077383\/Z\/05\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT077383\/Z\/05\/Z"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["G0600230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0600230"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>It is unclear why some children with falciparum malaria develop acute seizures and what determines the phenotype of seizures. We sought to determine if polymorphisms of malaria candidate genes are associated with acute seizures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Logistic regression was used to investigate genetic associations with malaria\u2010associated seizures (MAS<\/jats:styled-content>) and complex MAS<\/jats:styled-content> (repetitive, prolonged, or focal seizures) in four M<\/jats:styled-content>alariaGEN A<\/jats:styled-content>frican sites, namely: B<\/jats:styled-content>lantyre, M<\/jats:styled-content>alawi; K<\/jats:styled-content>ilifi, K<\/jats:styled-content>enya; K<\/jats:styled-content>umasi, G<\/jats:styled-content>hana; and M<\/jats:styled-content>uheza, T<\/jats:styled-content>anzania. The analysis was repeated for five inheritance models (dominant, heterozygous, recessive, additive, and general) and adjusted for potential confounders and multiple testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Key Findings<\/jats:title>Complex phenotypes of seizures constituted 71% of all admissions with MAS<\/jats:styled-content> across the sites. MAS<\/jats:styled-content> were strongly associated with cluster of differentiation\u2010ligand\u2010rs3092945 in females in K<\/jats:styled-content>ilifi (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00068) and interleukin (IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u201017 receptor E<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010rs708567 in the pooled analysis across the sites (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00709). Complex MAS<\/jats:styled-content> were strongly associated with epidermal growth factor module\u2010containing mucin\u2010like hormone receptor (EMR<\/jats:styled-content>)1\u2010rs373533 in K<\/jats:styled-content>umasi (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00033), but none in the pooled analysis. Focal MAS<\/jats:styled-content> were strongly associated with IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201020 receptor A<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010rs1555498 in M<\/jats:styled-content>uheza (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00016), but none in the pooled analysis. Prolonged MAS<\/jats:styled-content> were strongly associated with complement receptor 1\u2010rs17047660 in K<\/jats:styled-content>ilifi (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00121) and glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase\u2010rs1050828 in females in the pooled analysis (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00155). Repetitive MAS<\/jats:styled-content> were strongly associated with EMR<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2010rs373533 in K<\/jats:styled-content>umasi (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00003) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance receptor\u2010rs17140229 in the pooled analysis (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00543). MAS<\/jats:styled-content> with coma\/cerebral malaria were strongly associated with EMR<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2010rs373533 in K<\/jats:styled-content>umasi (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00019) and IL<\/jats:styled-content>10\u2010rs3024500 in the pooled analysis across the sites (p\u00a0=\u00a00.00064).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Significance<\/jats:title>We have identified a number of genetic associations that may explain the risk of seizures in >2,000 cases admitted to hospitals with MAS<\/jats:styled-content> across four sites in A<\/jats:styled-content>frica. These associations differed according to phenotype of seizures and site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T13:14:39Z","timestamp":1366809279000},"page":"990-1001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The genetic risk of acute seizures in A<\/scp>frican children with falciparum malaria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Symon M.","family":"Kariuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast Kilifi Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirk","family":"Rockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taane G.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Reyburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsiri","family":"Agbenyega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkurumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terrie E.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine College of Osteopathic Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretchen L.","family":"Birbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Neurologic and Psychiatric Epidemiology Program Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas N.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast Kilifi Kenya"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles R. 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