{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:14:07Z","timestamp":1789578847562,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Statins (3\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methylglutaryl\u2010coenzyme A [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HMG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010CoA] reductase inhibitors) exert cholesterol\u2010independent pleiotropic effects that include antithrombotic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Moreover, both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown neuroprotective, antiseizure, and antiexcitotoxic effects of statins, suggesting their potential role in the treatment of neurologic diseases. Only a few studies have investigated whether statins modulate absence seizure activity and epileptogenesis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We investigated the effects of atorvastatin (5 and 10\u00a0mg\/kg\/day), simvastatin (10\u00a0mg\/kg\/day), and pravastatin (10 and 30\u00a0mg\/kg\/day), given orally for 17 consecutive weeks (starting at 45 days of age), on the development of absence seizures (electroencephalography [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG]<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      recordings), depressive\u2010like behavior (forced swimming test [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FST]<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and anxiety levels (open field test [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OF]<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) in Wistar Albino Glaxo\/Rijswijk rats (WAG\/Rij) rats at the age of 6\u00a0months (1\u00a0month after suspension). WAG\/Rij rats are a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and mild\u2010depression comorbidity. The effects of statins were also studied after acute intraperitoneal injection for 4\u00a0h after administration of various doses in 6\u2010months\u2010old rats. Plasma cholesterol levels were measured throughout drug treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found that early long\u2010term statin treatment possesses antiepileptogenic properties, reduced immobility time in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FST,<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and reduced anxiety in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , whereas they were not effective against established absence seizures when acutely administered. The observed effects were not related to changes in plasma cholesterol levels, which remained unchanged during drug treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that statins administration might be a possible intervention and promising strategy for preventing the epileptogenesis and\/or behavioral comorbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/epi.12686\/suppinfo\">here<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T17:45:50Z","timestamp":1403631950000},"page":"1284-1291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Protective effects of some statins on epileptogenesis and depressive\u2010like behavior in\n                    <scp>WAG<\/scp>\n                    \/Rij rats, a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Rita","family":"Citraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Science of Health Department School of Medicine University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serafina","family":"Chimirri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science of Health Department School of Medicine University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro Catanzaro 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