{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:33:45Z","timestamp":1776260025085,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporal and extratemporal white matter abnormalities have been identified frequently in patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rMTLE<\/jats:styled-content>). However, the identification of potential water diffusion abnormalities in patients with drug\u2010responsive, benign <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTLE<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">bMTLE<\/jats:styled-content>) is still missing. The aim of this study was to identify markers of refractoriness in MTLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study group included 48 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">bMTLE<\/jats:styled-content> (mean age 42.8\u00a0+\u00a013.5\u00a0years), 38 with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rMTLE<\/jats:styled-content> (mean age 41.7\u00a0+\u00a014.1\u00a0years) and 54 healthy volunteers. Diffusion tensor imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTI<\/jats:styled-content>) was performed to measure mean diffusivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content>) and fractional anisotropy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content>) in a regions\u2010of\u2010interest analysis comprising hippocampi and temporal lobe gray and white matter regions. The presence of hippocampal sclerosis (<jats:italic>Hs)<\/jats:italic> was assessed using automated magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) evaluation. For statistics we used chi\u2010square test; two\u2010tailed, two\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test; and stratified linear regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The significant demographic differences between the two patient groups were sex (p\u00a0=\u00a00.003), duration of epilepsy (p\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and complex febrile convulsions (p\u00a0=\u00a00.0001). In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rMTLE<\/jats:styled-content>, temporal white matter <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content> was higher and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> lower, as compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">bMTLE<\/jats:styled-content>. The analysis of diagnostic accuracy (area under the receiver operator characteristic [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content>] curve [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>]) showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> had an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content> for discriminating patients affected from those unaffected by refractory <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTLE<\/jats:styled-content> of 74.0% (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), a value that was higher than that of temporal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD<\/jats:styled-content> (64.0%), hippocampus volume (65.0%), and <jats:italic>Hs<\/jats:italic> (66.0%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTI<\/jats:styled-content> measurements in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTLE<\/jats:styled-content> and found a significant reduction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> along the white matter of the temporal lobes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rMTLE<\/jats:styled-content>, suggesting it as a valuable measure of refractoriness in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MTLE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T09:39:15Z","timestamp":1434706755000},"page":"1109-1116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["White matter abnormalities differentiate severe from benign temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Angelo","family":"Labate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM\u2010CNR) Germaneto Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cherubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM\u2010CNR) Germaneto Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Tripepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council (IFC\u2010CNR) Reggio Calabria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Mumoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Ferlazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Aguglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Quattrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM\u2010CNR) Germaneto Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gambardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurology University Magna Gr\u00e6cia Catanzaro Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM\u2010CNR) Germaneto Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"511","volume-title":"Surgical treatment of the epilepsies","author":"Babb TL","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"705","volume-title":"Epilepsy surgery","author":"Meencke HJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"689","volume-title":"Epilepsy surgery","author":"Gloor P","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"758","article-title":"Optimizing the diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis using MR imaging","volume":"14","author":"Jackson GD","year":"1993","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.139287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000198208.59347.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000326898.05099.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03038.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e39"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2007.00984.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.6.848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1994.tb11779.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12670"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12871"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.07.064"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fepi.13027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/epi.13027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T13:50:11Z","timestamp":1696341011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/epi.13027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/epi.13027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.13027","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]}}}