{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:15:38Z","timestamp":1790874938999,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]],"date-time":"2015-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP\u2010PG\u20100606\u20101062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP\u2010PG\u20100606\u20101062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/K021435\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/K021435\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topiramate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content>) is an antiepileptic drug that is also used for other indications (e.g., migraine). Adverse event (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>) data from epilepsy trials could be supplemented by data from trials in other indications. Combining data across trials and indications is a novel method for evaluating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s. We conducted a multiple\u2010indications review by systematically reviewing randomized placebo\u2010controlled trials of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content>, to compare the nervous system <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> in epilepsy with those in other indications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized placebo\u2010controlled trials of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> including patients with any indication were included. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 2, 2012) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEDLINE<\/jats:styled-content> (1966\u2013February 2012). Two authors assessed eligibility and risk of bias, and extracted data. For each reported nervous system <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>, we extracted event rates, applied random\u2010effects inverse\u2010variance meta\u2010analysis (pooling within\u2010indications then across\u2010indications), and assessed within\u2010 and across\u2010indication heterogeneity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety trials, including 16 epilepsy trials, were included. A difference was detected between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> and placebo for three events (i.e., drooling, dysgeusia, and hypoesthesia) that were not reported in epilepsy trials but were reported by other trials. A difference between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> and placebo was detected for speech disorder using epilepsy trials but not when combining all trials. For two events (i.e., cognitive disorder and \u201clanguage problems\u201d), no difference was detected between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> and placebo when using epilepsy trials alone, but a difference was identified using all trials. A difference was detected between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPM<\/jats:styled-content> and placebo for six events (i.e., ataxia, disturbance in attention, dizziness, memory impairment, paraesthesia, and somnolence) when using epilepsy trials alone, and using all trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Including trials of any indication enabled detection of differences that would have been missed using epilepsy trials alone. Multiple\u2010indications reviews can improve the synthesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s for antiepileptic drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]],"date-time":"2015-10-08T11:54:12Z","timestamp":1444305252000},"page":"1910-1920","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["A systematic review of placebo\u2010controlled trials of topiramate: How useful is a multiple\u2010indications review for evaluating the adverse events of an antiepileptic drug?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Donegan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Clinical Sciences Centre Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla","family":"Hemming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Population Science University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catrin","family":"Tudur\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Marson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Clinical Sciences Centre Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13370-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005612.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","article-title":"Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults","author":"Wiffen PJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008544.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","article-title":"Topiramate for acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder","author":"Vasudev K","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005653.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006754.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003277.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Topiramate for the prophylaxis of episodic migraine in adults","author":"Linde M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus","author":"Norris SL","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.66834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"HigginsJPT GreenS(editors).Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0[updated March 2011].The Cochrane Collaboration 2011. 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