{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:17:22Z","timestamp":1790140642466,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]],"date-time":"2016-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Lamotrigine (\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is an antiepileptic drug that is metabolized via glucuronidation. Since the glucuronidizing enzyme is inducible by estrogens,\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n serum concentrations may fall by 50\u201360% when combined with hormonal contraceptives that contain ethinyl estradiol (\n EE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Little is known about a possible interaction between estrogens used for hormone replacement therapy (\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and the few available data are conflicting. Data from serum samples analyzed for\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n were therefore retrieved from a routine therapeutic drug monitoring database. Users of\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n EE<\/jats:styled-content>\n were identified and matched with controls for age and dose. No enzyme\u2010inducing or enzyme\u2010inhibiting comedication was allowed.\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n serum concentration\u2010to\u2010dose ratios (\n CDR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) were calculated. Case groups and their respective control groups were compared by the Mann\u2010Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n test. Seventy\u2010nine\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n users (dose range 1\u20134 mg\/day) and 200\n EE<\/jats:styled-content>\n users (dose range 20\u201340 \u03bcg\/day), as well as 158 and 400 matching controls, respectively, could be included. Both\n EE<\/jats:styled-content>\n users and\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n users had significantly lower mean\n LTG CDR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s than their respective matched controls. These results suggest that\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n with estrogens may reduce serum\n LTG<\/jats:styled-content>\n concentrations.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]],"date-time":"2016-11-02T08:17:18Z","timestamp":1478074638000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Hormone replacement therapy with estrogens may reduce lamotrigine serum concentrations: A matched case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Arne","family":"Reimers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology St. Olavs University Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Children's and Women's Health Faculty of Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.026609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.10105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00305-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02539.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2005.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2011.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.2.251"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13697130009167596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042192-200007040-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2006.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181bd8295"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697130500148875"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000344167.78102.f0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WNF.0000220820.78854.3F"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fepi.13597","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fepi.13597","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/epi.13597","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T03:33:32Z","timestamp":1695526412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/epi.13597"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/epi.13597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.13597","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]}}}