{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:58:50Z","timestamp":1789192730416,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009647","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(GR\u20102009\u20101574072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(GR\u20102009\u20101574072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the long\u2010term outcome of epilepsy with auditory features (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAF<\/jats:styled-content>) and to identify the clinical predictors for prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study involved consecutive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAF<\/jats:styled-content> patients with a follow\u2010up of \u22655 years. Terminal remission (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content>) was defined as a period of \u22655 consecutive years of seizure freedom at the last follow\u2010up. We used Kaplan\u2010Meier estimate to calculate the cumulative time\u2010dependent probability of conversion to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content>. Log\u2010rank test and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to study the association between time to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content> and prognostic determinants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 123 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAF<\/jats:styled-content> patients (male\/female = 58\/65) with a median follow\u2010up of 11 years (1626.9 person\u2010years). Most were sporadic cases (68.3%), whereas 31.7% reported a family history of epilepsy. At last assessment, 42 patients had achieved <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content> (34.1%). Of the remaining 81 cases with no <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content> (65.9%), 37% had been in remission for 1\u20104 years and 62.9% still had seizures within the past year. The cumulative rates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content> were 26.6%, 35.7%, and 51.6% at 10, 20, and 30 years from inclusion. On multivariate analysis, age at onset &gt; 10 years (hazard ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>] = 3.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .028), auditory aura characterized by distortions only versus simple\/complex hallucinations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> = 2.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .041), and unremarkable scalp electroencephalogram (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG<\/jats:styled-content>) versus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG<\/jats:styled-content> with focal epileptiform activity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> = 3.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .041) were associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data show a wide prognostic spectrum of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAF<\/jats:styled-content>, ranging from mild forms with spontaneous remission, to severely refractory epilepsy addressed to surgery. The outcome, less favorable than expected from previous studies, appears to be primarily a function of 3 prognostic negative risk factors: age at onset &lt; 10 years, auditory aura characterized by complex auditory hallucinations, and focal epileptiform abnormalities on scalp <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG<\/jats:styled-content>. These predictors, easy to collect even at the first visit, may inform both clinicians and patients about the long\u2010term prognosis and aid patient management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T20:23:48Z","timestamp":1519244628000},"page":"834-843","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Epilepsy with auditory features: Long\u2010term outcome and predictors of terminal remission"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1109-7296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Bisulli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Bologna Institute of Neurological Sciences Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna Bologna 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