{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:38:52Z","timestamp":1788349132132,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n The European Union\u2013funded E\u2010\n PILEPSY<\/jats:styled-content>\n project was launched to develop guidelines and recommendations for epilepsy surgery. In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Wada test, magnetoencephalography (MEG), and functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) for memory and language decline after surgery.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and\n CENTRAL<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The diagnostic accuracy was expressed in terms of sensitivity and specificity for postoperative language or memory decline, as determined by pre\u2010 and postoperative neuropsychological assessments. If two or more estimates of sensitivity or specificity were extracted from a study, two meta\u2010analyses were conducted, using the maximum (\u201cbest case\u201d) and the minimum (\u201cworst case\u201d) of the extracted estimates, respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty\u2010eight papers were eligible for data extraction and further analysis. All tests for heterogeneity were highly significant, indicating large between\u2010study variability (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.001). For memory outcomes, meta\u2010analyses were conducted for\n Wada<\/jats:styled-content>\n tests (n\u00a0=\u00a017) using both memory and language laterality quotients. In the best case, meta\u2010analyses yielded a sensitivity estimate of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] = 0.67\u20100.92) and a specificity estimate of 0.65 (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.47\u20100.83). For the worst case, meta\u2010analyses yielded a sensitivity estimate of 0.65 (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.48\u20100.82) and a specificity estimate of 0.46 (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.28\u20100.65). The overall quality of evidence, which was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology, was rated as very low. Meta\u2010analyses concerning diagnostic accuracy of\n fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n fTCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and\n MEG<\/jats:styled-content>\n were not feasible due to small numbers of studies (\n fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , n\u00a0=\u00a04;\n fTCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , n\u00a0=\u00a01;\n MEG<\/jats:styled-content>\n , n\u00a0=\u00a00). This also applied to studies concerning language outcomes (\n Wada<\/jats:styled-content>\n test, n\u00a0=\u00a06;\n fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , n\u00a0=\u00a02;\n fTCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , n\u00a0=\u00a01; MEG, n\u00a0=\u00a00).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Significance<\/jats:title>\n \n Meta\u2010analyses could only be conducted in a few subgroups for the\n Wada<\/jats:styled-content>\n test with low\u2010quality evidence. Thus, more evidence from high\u2010quality studies and improved data reporting are required. Moreover, the large between\u2010study heterogeneity underlines the necessity for more homogeneous and thus comparable studies in future research.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T07:34:29Z","timestamp":1540884869000},"page":"2305-2317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of functional magnetic resonance imaging,\n Wada<\/scp>\n test, magnetoencephalography, and functional transcranial Doppler sonography for memory and language outcome after epilepsy surgery: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Schmid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aljoscha","family":"Thomschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8282-1034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Kirschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9213-1355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teia","family":"Kobulashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-1577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Brigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Franz Tappeiner Hospital Merano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matea","family":"Rados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology University Medical Center Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Helmstaedter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epileptology Medical Center University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kees","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology University Medical Center Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugen","family":"Trinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Christian Doppler Medical Center Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the E\u2010PILEPSY consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2016.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900008488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2013.0587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.09901.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7831-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1960.17.2.0266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-305659"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01625.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00807.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.00982.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-5050(02)00039-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-5050(02)00560-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000174440.31387.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61225-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"NHS National Institute for Health Research. PROSPERO: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/. Accessed: August 28 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13217"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0081-1750.t01-1-00075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00610.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2007.106.1.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2009.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15274\/NRJ-2014-10031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11101344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-017-0763-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02340.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.1997.0893"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.2.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2008.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","volume-title":"Neuropsychology in the Care of People with Epilepsy","author":"Djordjevic J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Neuropsychology in the Care of People with Epilepsy","author":"Witt J","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000230139.45304.eb"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e39684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01683.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"Memory lateralization with 2 functional MR imaging tasks in patients with lesions in the temporal lobe","volume":"27","author":"Avila C","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000176"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.07.002"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fepi.14588","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/epi.14588","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:06:22Z","timestamp":1694736382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/epi.14588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/epi.14588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.14588","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}