{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:23:29Z","timestamp":1781605409299,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transient loss of consciousness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLOC<\/jats:styled-content>) is a common presentation in the emergency room, where patient history can usually differentiate syncope from generalized tonic\u2010clonic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content>) seizures. Several serum markers, such as creatine kinase and lactate, can be helpful, especially when history is unreliable. Here, we explore a potential supporting role of electrolyte plasma levels in a case\u2010control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our electroencephalographic database, we retrospectively identified consecutive episodes of loss of consciousness in adults seen over 3\u00a0years in our hospital emergency department for a case\u2010control study. We investigated plasma levels of several electrolytes (sodium, potassium, phosphate, calcium, magnesium) at the emergency visit, as well as demographics, diagnosis, blood\u2010sample delay time, and history of alcohol abuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 126 patients identified, 75 had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures and 46 had other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLOC<\/jats:styled-content> causes. Among electrolyte levels, only hypophosphatemia was associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures (median = 0.79 mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>, range = 0.34\u20101.37 in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures vs 0.93 mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>, range = 0.52\u20101.56, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001 in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLOC<\/jats:styled-content>). After adjusting for blood sampling delay, alcohol abuse, and other electrolyte levels, only hypophosphatemia was associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures, occurring in 37 (51%) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures and 12 (22%) of other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLOC<\/jats:styled-content> (odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.5\u20108.3, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.003). Hypophosphatemia &lt; 0.6\u00a0mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> was 93% specific and 20% sensitive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizure occurrence. In follow\u2010ups, hypophosphatemia was transitory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transient hypophosphatemia is common after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures and could represent an additional biological marker to help differentiate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTC<\/jats:styled-content> seizures from other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLOC<\/jats:styled-content>, especially when history is unclear. This hypothesis needs to be tested prospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T13:14:27Z","timestamp":1560863667000},"page":"1580-1585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A potential role of hypophosphatemia for diagnosing convulsive seizures: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Barras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bachelor of Medicine University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Siclari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Investigation and Research on Sleep Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne 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