{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T11:21:51Z","timestamp":1764588111024,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS099653","U01NS056975","U01NS059041","U01NS088023","U01NS088034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS099653","U01NS056975","U01NS059041","U01NS088023","U01NS088034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009233","name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009233","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial was a blinded, comparative\u2010effectiveness study of fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, and valproic acid in benzodiazepine\u2010refractory status epilepticus. The primary outcome was clinical seizure cessation and increased responsiveness without additional anticonvulsant medications. Weight\u2010based dosing was capped at 75\u00a0kg. Hence, patients weighing &gt;75\u00a0kg received a lower mg\/kg dose. Logistic regression models were developed in 235 adults to determine the association of weight (\u2264 or &gt;75\u00a0kg, \u2264 or &gt;90\u00a0kg), sex, treatment, and weight\u2010normalized dose with the primary outcome and solely seizure cessation. The primary outcome was achieved in 45.1% and 42.5% of those \u226475\u00a0kg and &gt;75\u00a0kg, respectively. Using univariate analyses, the likelihood of success for those &gt;75\u00a0kg (odds ratio [OR] = 0.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54\u20101.51) or &gt;90\u00a0kg (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.42\u20101.66) was not statistically different compared with those \u226475\u00a0kg or \u226490\u00a0kg, respectively. Similarly, other predictors were not significantly associated with primary outcome or clinical seizure cessation. Our findings suggest that doses, capped at 75\u00a0kg, likely resulted in concentrations greater than those needed for outcome. Studies that include drug concentrations and heavier individuals are needed to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T10:48:37Z","timestamp":1589798917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The association of patient weight and dose of fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, and valproic acid with treatment success in status epilepticus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7348-4208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhishek G.","family":"Sathe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Center for Orphan Drug Research College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordan J.","family":"Elm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Science Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3607-6619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C.","family":"Cloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Center for Orphan Drug Research College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine School of Medicine and Health Sciences Children\u2019s National Hospital George Washington University Washington District of Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4101-2430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Silbergleit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8608-1352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaideep","family":"Kapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Brain Institute University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Brain Institute University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5656-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah R.","family":"Cock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Academic Group, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences St George\u2019s University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2058-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan B.","family":"Fountain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Comprehensive Epilepsy Program University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6714-3960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shlomo","family":"Shinnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montefiore Medical Center Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5869-4020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Lowenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin A.","family":"Conwit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8267-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Bleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3613-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa D.","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Center for Orphan Drug Research College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1905795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.04.049"},{"volume-title":"CEREBYX\u00ae (fosphenytoin sodium injection)[package insert]","year":"2015","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of phenytoin after intravenous administration of fosphenytoin sodium in pediatric patients, adult patients, and healthy volunteers","volume":"69","author":"Tanaka J","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Clin 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