{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:19:25Z","timestamp":1781284765289,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS 040337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS 040337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS 044370"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS 044370"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS110863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS110863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize neocortical onset status epilepticus (SE) in the C57BL\/6J mouse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We induced SE by administering homocysteine 16\u201018\u00a0hours after cobalt (Co) implantation. SE was monitored by video and electroencephalography (EEG). We evaluated brain structure with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neurodegeneration was evaluated 72\u00a0hours after SE using Fluoro\u2010Jade C staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cobalt triggered seizures in a dose\u2010dependent manner (median effective dose, ED<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.78\u00a0mg) and the latency to peak seizure frequency shortened with increased dose. Animals developed SE after homocysteine administration. SE began with early intermittent focal seizures, consisting of frontal onset rhythmic spike\u2010wave discharges manifested as focal dystonia with clonus. These focal seizures then evolved into generalized continuous convulsive activity. Behavioral manifestations of SE included tonic stiffening, bilateral limb clonus, and bilateral tonic\u2010clonic movements, which were accompanied by generalized rhythmic spike\u2010wave discharges on EEG. After prolonged seizures, animals became comatose with intermittent bilateral myoclonic seizures or jerks. During this period, EEG showed seizures interspersed with generalized periodic discharges on a suppressed background. MRI obtained when animals were in a coma revealed edema, midline shift in frontal lobe around the Co implantation site, and ventricular effacement. Fluoro\u2010Jade C staining revealed neurodegeneration in the cortex, amygdala, and thalamus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have developed a mouse model of severe, refractory cortical\u2010onset SE, consisting of convulsions merging into a coma, EEG patterns of cortical seizures, and injury, with evidence of widespread neocortical edema and damage. This model replicates many features of acute seizures and SE resulting from traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid, and lobar hemorrhage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T13:30:54Z","timestamp":1602855054000},"page":"2811-2824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Neocortical injury\u2013induced status epilepticus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-8082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanveer","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 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