{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:19:11Z","timestamp":1789521551619,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess seizure and cognitive outcomes and their predictors in children (&lt;16\u00a0years at surgery) and adults undergoing temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery in eight Italian centers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective multicenter study. We performed a descriptive analysis and subsequently carried out multivariable mixed\u2010effect models corrected for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from 511 patients (114 children) and observed significant differences in several clinical features between adults and children. The possibility of achieving Engel class IA outcome and discontinuing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at last follow\u2010up (FU) was significantly higher in children (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006 and\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001). However, percentages of children and adults in Engel class I at last FU (mean \u00b1 SD, 45.9 \u00b1 17 months in children; 45.9 \u00b1 20.6 months in adults) did not differ significantly. We identified different predictors of seizure outcome in children vs adults and at short\u2010 vs long\u2010term FU. The only variables consistently associated with class I outcome over time were postoperative electroencephalography (EEG) in adults (abnormal, improved,odds ratio [OR]\u00a0= 0.414, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.023, <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.046 vs normal, at 2\u2010year FU and abnormal, improved, OR\u00a0=\u00a00.301, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001, <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002 vs normal, at last FU) and the completeness of resection of temporal magnetic resonance (MR) abnormalities other than hippocampal sclerosis in children (OR\u00a0=\u00a07.93, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001, <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003, at 2\u2010year FU and OR\u00a0=\u00a045.03, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001, <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001, at last FU). Cognitive outcome was best predicted by preoperative performances in either age group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical differences between adult and pediatric patients undergoing TLE surgery are reflected in differences in long\u2010term outcomes and predictors of failures. Children are more likely to achieve sustained seizure freedom and withdraw AEDs after TLE surgery. Earlier referral should be encouraged as it can improve surgical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T09:43:47Z","timestamp":1606815827000},"page":"128-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in children and adults: A multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5445-5842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Barba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Member of the ERN EpiCARE Neuroscience Department Meyer Children's Hospital \u2010University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1891-7648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Cossu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cC. Munari\u201d Epilepsy Surgery Center Niguarda Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7272-7079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renzo","family":"Guerrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Member of the ERN EpiCARE Neuroscience Department Meyer Children's Hospital \u2010University of Florence  Florence Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Di Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed  Pozzilli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavio","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Member of the ERN EpiCARE Epilepsy Unit IRCCS \u201cC. Besta\u201d Neurological Institute Foundation  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Division of Neurophysiology and Epilepsy Centre IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"De Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Member of the ERN EpiCARE Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children Hospital  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Grisotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Application \u201cG. Parenti\u201d University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4354-6906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Consales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Children\u2019s Hospital  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0491-4021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenica","family":"Battaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Psychiatry and Neurology Unit Policlinic Agostino Gemelli Foundation IRCCS  Roma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelia","family":"Zamponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Psychiatry and Neurology Unit G. Sales Hospital  Ancona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piergiorgio","family":"d\u2019Orio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cC. Munari\u201d Epilepsy Surgery Center Niguarda Hospital  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience CNR  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Revay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cC. Munari\u201d Epilepsy Surgery Center Niguarda Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cC. Munari\u201d Epilepsy Surgery Center Niguarda Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Casciato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed  Pozzilli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed  Pozzilli Italy"},{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Paolo","family":"Quarato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed  Pozzilli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4202-955X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Di Giacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Member of the ERN EpiCARE Epilepsy Unit IRCCS \u201cC. 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Sales Hospital  Ancona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Colicchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit Catholic University of Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampaolo","family":"Vatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological and Sensorial Sciences University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Asioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Section of Anatomic Pathology \u201cM. Malpighi\u201d Bellaria Hospital  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Caulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences \u201cG. 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