{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:49:25Z","timestamp":1787014165127,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was undertaken to identify temporal encephaloceles (TEs) and examine their characteristics in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extratemporal lobe epilepsy (ETLE), as well as in asymptomatic cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four hundred fifty\u2010eight magnetic resonance imaging scans were examined retrospectively to identify TE in 157 patients with TLE, 150 patients with ETLE, and 151 healthy controls (HCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At least one TE was identified in 9.6% of the TLE patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a015, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3%\u201315.3%), in 3.3% of patients with ETLE (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a05, 95% CI = 1.1%\u20137.6%), and in 2.0% of the HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a03, 95% CI = .4%\u20135.7%), indicating a significantly higher frequency in patients with TLE compared to ETLE and HC subjects (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.027,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.005). Examining the characteristics of TEs in both asymptomatic and epilepsy patients, we found that TEs with a diameter of less than 6.25\u00a0mm were more likely to be asymptomatic, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 73.3% (area under the curve\u00a0=\u00a0.867, 95% CI = .723\u20131.00,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Temporal encephaloceles may occur without presenting any clinical symptoms. Patients with TLE show a higher frequency of TEs compared to the ETLE and HC groups. According to our study, TE size could be used to suggest potential epileptogenicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16900","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T11:48:22Z","timestamp":1620042502000},"page":"1354-1361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Temporal encephaloceles in epilepsy patients and asymptomatic cases: Size may indicate epileptogenicity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2344-6323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiota\u2010Eleni","family":"Tsalouchidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Mintziras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Biermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc\u2010Philipp","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Belke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8216-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Nimsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6288-9915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Strzelczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine\u2010Main and Department of Neurology Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Rosenow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine\u2010Main and Department of Neurology Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Menzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Knake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg Marburg 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