{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:33:13Z","timestamp":1785450793705,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MSc scholarship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MSc scholarship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>In adult brain tissue, oxygen levels typically remain in the normoxic zone, but status epilepticus results in hyperoxia, whereas brief self\u2010terminating seizures lead to postictal hypoxia. The dynamic changes in oxygen levels and the underlying mechanisms are unknown in juveniles with febrile seizures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight\u2010day\u2010old female and male rat pups were implanted with an electrode and oxygen\u2010sensing optode in the hippocampus and then received once daily injections of lipopolysaccharide for 4\u2009days to induce an immune response. Local partial pressure of oxygen (pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and local field potentials were recorded before, during, and after a heat\u2010induced febrile seizure. Separate groups of pups received injections of vehicle or drugs targeting cyclooxygenase (COX)\u20101, COX\u20102, L\u2010type calcium channels (LTCCs), and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid\u20101 (TRPV1) receptors prior to febrile seizure induction to determine pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mechanisms. Following febrile seizures, a subset of pups were raised to young adulthood and then tested for learning impairments using the novel object recognition task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Febrile seizures resulted in predictable oxygen dynamics that were related to behavioral seizures and epileptiform activity. During a behavioral seizure, pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> rapidly increased, rapidly decreased, and then returned to near baseline. When the behavioral seizure terminated, oxygen levels climbed into the hyperoxic zone during a time of prolonged epileptiform activity. When epileptiform activity terminated, oxygen levels slowly returned to baseline. A COX\u20101 antagonist prevented hyperoxia, whereas a COX\u20102 antagonist did not. An LTCC antagonist exacerbated hyperoxia. Boosting levels of an endocannabinoid also exacerbated hyperoxia, whereas blocking CB1 receptors and TRPV1 receptors reduced hyperoxia. Inhibiting TRPV1 receptors during a febrile seizure prevented learning deficits in young adult female rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brain oxygenation during and following a febrile seizure has a distinct pattern and multiple mechanisms. Brain oxygen dynamics may be an important consideration in the development of treatments for febrile seizures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]],"date-time":"2022-07-19T13:33:47Z","timestamp":1658237627000},"page":"2650-2663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Febrile seizures lead to prolonged epileptiform activity and hyperoxia that when blocked prevents learning deficits"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Sydney A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antis G.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlene T.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morris H.","family":"Scantlebury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8462-355X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. 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