{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:45:44Z","timestamp":1788385544705,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01NS112234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01NS112234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS112234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS112234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal cerebral hypoxia\u2010ischemia (HI) results in symptomatic seizures and long\u2010term neurodevelopmental disability. The Rice\u2010Vannucci model of rodent neonatal HI has been used extensively to examine and translate the functional consequences of acute and chronic HI\u2010induced encephalopathy. Yet, longitudinal electrophysiological characterization of this brain injury model has been limited by the size of the neonatal mouse's head and postnatal maternal dependency. We overcome this challenge by employing a novel method of longitudinal single\u2010mouse electroencephalography (EEG) using chronically implanted subcranial electrodes in the term\u2010equivalent mouse pup. We characterize the neurophysiological disturbances occurring during awake and sleep states in the acute and chronic phases following newborn brain injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6 mice underwent long\u2010term bilateral subcranial EEG and electromyographic electrode placement at postnatal day 9 followed by unilateral carotid cauterization and exposure to 40\u2009minutes of hypoxia the following day. EEG recordings were obtained prior, during, and intermittently after the HI procedure from postnatal day 10 to weaning age. Quantitative EEG and fast Fourier transform analysis were used to evaluate seizures, cortical cerebral dysfunction, and disturbances in vigilance states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed neonatal HI\u2010provoked electrographic focal and bilateral seizures during or immediately following global hypoxia and most commonly contralateral to the ischemic injury. Spontaneous chronic seizures were not seen. Injured mice developed long\u2010term asymmetric EEG background attenuation in all frequencies and most prominently during non\u2013rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. HI mice also showed transient impairments in vigilance state duration and transitions during the first 2\u2009days following injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The functional burden of mouse neonatal HI recorded by EEG resembles closely that of the injured human newborn. The use of single\u2010mouse longitudinal EEG in this immature model can advance our understanding of the developmental and pathophysiological mechanisms of neonatal cerebral injury and help translate novel therapeutic strategies against this devastating condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,29]],"date-time":"2022-08-29T08:20:25Z","timestamp":1661761225000},"page":"3037-3050","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Functional neuropathology of neonatal hypoxia\u2010ischemia by single\u2010mouse longitudinal electroencephalography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Kevin J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric &amp; Developmental Neurology Washington University School of Medicine  St. Louis Missouri 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