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This study characterized the association between aberrant white matter connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and disadvantage using a US census\u2010based neighborhood disadvantage metric, the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), derived from measures of income, education, employment, and housing quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants including 74 TLE patients (47 male, mean age\u2009=\u200939.2\u2009years) and 45 healthy controls (27 male, mean age\u2009=\u200931.9\u2009years) from the Epilepsy Connectome Project were classified into ADI\u2010defined low and high disadvantage groups. Graph theoretic metrics were applied to multishell connectome diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (DWI) measurements to derive 162\u2009\u00d7\u2009162 structural connectivity matrices (SCMs). The SCMs were harmonized using neuroCombat to account for interscanner differences. Threshold\u2010free network\u2010based statistics were used for analysis, and findings were correlated with ADI quintile metrics. A decrease in cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) indicates reduced white matter integrity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sex\u2010 and age\u2010adjusted CSA in TLE groups was significantly reduced compared to controls regardless of disadvantage status, revealing discrete aberrant white matter tract connectivity abnormalities in addition to apparent differences in graph measures of connectivity and network\u2010based statistics. When comparing broadly defined disadvantaged TLE groups, differences were at trend level. Sensitivity analyses of ADI quintile extremes revealed significantly lower CSA in the most compared to least disadvantaged TLE group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate (1) the general impact of TLE on DWI connectome status is larger than the association with neighborhood disadvantage; however, (2) neighborhood disadvantage, indexed by ADI, revealed modest relationships with white matter structure and integrity on sensitivity analysis in TLE. Further studies are needed to explore this relationship and determine whether the white matter relationship with ADI is driven by social drift or environmental influences on brain development. Understanding the etiology and course of the disadvantage\u2013brain integrity relationship may serve to inform care, management, and policy for patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T05:25:27Z","timestamp":1687929927000},"page":"2484-2498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association of neighborhood deprivation with white matter connectome abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-9514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Y.","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison 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