{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:20:14Z","timestamp":1792095614657,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54NS100064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54NS100064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was undertaken to assess reproducibility of the epilepsy outcome and phenotype in a lateral fluid percussion model of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) across three study sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 525 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to lateral fluid percussion\u2010induced brain injury (FPI) or sham operation. Of these, 264 were assigned to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI cohort, 43 sham, 221 traumatic brain injury [TBI]) and 261 to electrophysiological follow\u2010up (EEG cohort, 41 sham, 220 TBI). A major effort was made to harmonize the rats, materials, equipment, procedures, and monitoring systems. On the 7th post\u2010TBI month, rats were video\u2010EEG monitored for epilepsy diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 245 rats were video\u2010EEG phenotyped for epilepsy on the 7th postinjury month (121 in MRI cohort, 124 in EEG cohort). In the whole cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009245), the prevalence of PTE in rats with TBI was 22%, being 27% in the MRI and 18% in the EEG cohort (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Prevalence of PTE did not differ between the three study sites (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). The average seizure frequency was .317\u2009\u00b1\u2009.725 seizures\/day at University of Eastern Finland (UEF; Finland), .085\u2009\u00b1\u2009.067 at Monash University (Monash; Australia), and .299\u2009\u00b1\u2009.266 at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA; USA; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01 as compared to Monash). The average seizure duration did not differ between UEF (104\u2009\u00b1\u200948\u2009s), Monash (90\u2009\u00b1\u200933\u2009s), and UCLA (105\u2009\u00b1\u2009473\u2009s; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Of the 219 seizures, 53% occurred as part of a seizure cluster (\u22653 seizures\/24\u2009h; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &gt;.05 between the study sites). Of the 209 seizures, 56% occurred during lights\u2010on period and 44% during lights\u2010off period (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05 between the study sites).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The PTE phenotype induced by lateral FPI is reproducible in a multicenter design. Our study supports the feasibility of performing preclinical multicenter trials in PTE to increase statistical power and experimental rigor to produce clinically translatable data to combat epileptogenesis after TBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T01:34:51Z","timestamp":1701826491000},"page":"511-526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Epilepsy phenotype and its reproducibility after lateral fluid percussion\u2010induced traumatic brain injury in rats: Multicenter <scp>EpiBioS4Rx<\/scp> study project 1"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5682-5632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier Ekolle","family":"Ndode\u2010Ekane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0971-4654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idrish","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9163-5615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Santana\u2010Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riikka","family":"Immonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6199-9415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Casillas\u2010Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Alfred Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomi","family":"Paananen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9353-6079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eppu","family":"Manninen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noora","family":"Puhakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. I. 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