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Those who survive OP\u2010induced cholinergic crisis, which includes status epilepticus, often develop neurological morbidities. Here, we provide a rigorous characterization of the acute and delayed electrophysiological responses to OP intoxication with the goal of identifying early electrophysiological changes that predict later brain changes, including spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male and female rats were implanted with electroencephalographic (EEG) and intracranial EEG electrodes prior to acute intoxication with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). All animals received standard of care therapeutics and were recorded continuously for 70\u2009min post\u2010DFP, then again for 5\u2009min at 180 min post\u2010DFP, 1\u2009day postexposure (DPE), 3 DPE, and 7 DPE. Between 7 and 14 DPE, animals were recorded continuously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In both sexes, acute DFP intoxication produced rapid and robust elevations in broadband power that were reduced but not terminated by midazolam (MDZ). Theta\u2013delta ratio (TDR) was reduced immediately following DFP exposure and was further depressed by MDZ intervention. In the days that followed, broadband power and TDR recovered toward baseline. From 7 to 14 DPE, electrographic spiking was observed in all animals, and 80% developed SRS. Increased broadband power during status epilepticus was positively correlated with spike rate and SRS frequency. Slower recovery of broadband power to baseline in the days following exposure also correlated with increased SRS burden. Finally, a higher acute TDR correlated with increased spike rates at 3 and 7 DPE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data presented in this study provide a rigorous characterization of post\u2010DFP electrographic sequelae that significantly extends the field's current understanding of electrophysiological shifts caused by acute OP intoxication. Critically, we identified potential EEG\u2010based biomarkers that may identify at\u2010risk patients in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.18212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T10:34:38Z","timestamp":1739270078000},"page":"1329-1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Acute and persistent changes in neural oscillatory activity predict development of epilepsy following acute organophosphate intoxication in adult rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"MacMahon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Andrew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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