{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:15:55Z","timestamp":1792106155914,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M008983\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M008983\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N013433\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013433\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/X502844\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/X502844\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To implement parallel transmit (pTx) 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the pre\u2010surgical evaluation of 3T\u2010negative patients with drug\u2010resistant focal epilepsy, and to compare quality to conventional single transmit (specifically, circularly polarized [CP]) 7T MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We implemented a comparative protocol comprising both pTx and CP 7T MRI in consecutive adult candidates for epilepsy surgery who had negative or equivocal 3T MRI imaging. Here we report the outcomes from the first 31 patients. We acquired pTx and CP T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      , T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and edge\u2010enhancing gradient echo (EDGE) images, all in the same three\u2010dimensional (3D) 0.8\u2009mm isotropic space. Two\u2010dimensional (2D) high\u2010resolution T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      *\u2010weighted sequences were acquired only in CP mode due to current technological limitations. Two neuroradiologists, a neurologist, and a neurosurgeon made independent, blinded quality and preference ratings of pTx vs CP images. Quantitative methods were used to assess signal dropout.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      7T revealed previously\u2010unseen structural lesions in nine patients (29%), confirmed 3T\u2010equivocal lesions in four patients (13%), and disproved 3T\u2010equivocal lesions in four patients (13%). Lesions were better visualized on pTx than CP in 57% of cases, and never better visualized on CP. Clinical management was altered by 7T in 18 cases (58%). Nine cases were offered surgical resection and one laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). Three cases were removed from the surgical pathway because of bilateral or extensive lesions. Five cases were offered stereo\u2010electroencephalography (sEEG) with better targeting (in three because the 7T lesion was deemed equivocal by the multi\u2010disciplinary team (MDT), and in two because the lesion was extensive). Blinded comparison confirmed significantly better overall quality of pTx FLAIR images (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (2, 184)\u2009=\u200913.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.88\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), whereas pTx MP2RAGE images were subjectively non\u2010inferior and had improved temporal lobe coverage with quantitatively less signal drop\u2010out.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>pTx\u20107T is implementable in a clinical pathway, changed management in 58% of patients where 3T\u2009+\u2009FDG\u2010PET had not enabled resection, and is superior to single transmit 7T MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.18353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T02:49:21Z","timestamp":1742698161000},"page":"2315-2327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Parallel transmit 7\n                    <scp>T MRI<\/scp>\n                    for adult epilepsy pre\u2010surgical evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0880-5175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Klodowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian P.","family":"Jen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Scoffings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Lupson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0128-061X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franck","family":"Mauconduit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'Energie Atomique, CNRS, NeuroSpin, BAOBAB Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay  Gif sur Yvette France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Massire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthcare SAS  Courbevoie France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Gras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'Energie Atomique, CNRS, NeuroSpin, BAOBAB Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay  Gif sur Yvette France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Boulant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'Energie Atomique, CNRS, NeuroSpin, BAOBAB Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay  Gif sur Yvette France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1275-1197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher 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