{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T01:03:58Z","timestamp":1784423038430,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We recently reported that seletracetam (SEL), a highly potent derivative of levetiracetam (LEV), reduces or abolishes the photoparoxysmal electroencephalographic response (PPR) to intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) in patients with epilepsy. Most of the 27 patients in this study were on comedication with different antiseizure medications (ASMs). Here, we reanalyzed the raw data of this clinical trial to determine which, if any, of the ASMs reduced (or increased) the effect of SEL on PPR in individual patients. This was possible because a group of six patients were not taking any ASM, and groups of similar size received different comedications. The effect size of SEL on the standard photosensitivity range (SPR) was calculated by the area under the effect curve from 0 to 8\u2009h (AUEC [0\u20138]) as SPR change from predose. All patients experienced PPRs in response to IPS during placebo treatment, indicating that the PPR was resistant to treatment with their steady\u2010state ASMs. Oral single\u2010dose treatment with SEL reduced\/abolished PPR in most (32\/36) exposures, but significant effects of ASM comedication were found. Patients comedicated with LEV\u2009+\u2009lamotrigine or LEV\u2009+\u2009valproate exhibited significantly lower AUEC (0\u20138)s than patients without comedication, whereas no significant effects of lamotrigine or valproate alone were found. Despite the significant reduction of AUEC (0\u20138) in patients on comedication with LEV, SEL still reduced or abolished PPR in the majority (7\/9) of exposures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.18420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T11:09:17Z","timestamp":1745320157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pharmacodynamic interactions between seletracetam and antiseizure comedications in the human photosensitivity model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9648-8973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"L\u00f6scher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuropharmacology Lab, NIFE, Department of Experimental Otology of the Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"PrevEp  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armel","family":"Stockis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Clinical Pharmacology  Braine\u2010l'Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PrevEp  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"Mid\u2010Atlantic Epilepsy and Sleep Center  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6659-2614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorothee","family":"Kasteleijn\u2010Nolst Trenit\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Epilepsy University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Nesmos Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13340"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2006.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263\u2010016\u20100384\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CPAA.S114072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2024.110241"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920\u20101211(96)00031\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000271385.85302.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00204-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13638"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010023\u201011959\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Seletracetam, a small molecule SV2A modulator for the treatment of epilepsy","volume":"9","author":"Pollard JR","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2008.01915.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2020.107966"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/epi.18420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T13:36:06Z","timestamp":1762954566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/epi.18420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/epi.18420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/epi.18420","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}