{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T22:14:21Z","timestamp":1773008061645,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was undertaken to study long\u2010term memory trajectories over the years in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (TLE\/HS) seizure\u2010free since surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study included patients with TLE\/HS from a single\u2010center epilepsy surgery program who had been seizure\u2010free for at least 10\u2009years following anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) or selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH). Memory performance was evaluated preoperatively (T1), 1\u20134\u2009years postoperatively (T2), and 10\u201315\u2009years after surgery (T3). Logistic regression evaluated variables correlated with memory function at each point in time. A reliable change index was performed to identify changes in individual measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 54 patients were included, of whom 36 (66%) were male and 52 (96%) right\u2010handed. Patients with left HS and normal preoperative Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test or Wechsler Memory Scale\u2013Revised (WMS\u2010R) logical memory showed worsening at T2 (13% \u00d7\u200952%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.029; 0 \u00d7\u200931%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.015, respectively) and T3 (27% \u00d7\u200963%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.045; 22% \u00d7\u200981%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively). Visual reproduction (WMS\u2010R) following nondominant surgery also deteriorated at T3 for patients who improved or sustained normal performance between T1 and T2 (33% \u00d7\u200950%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.64). The predictive factors for memory decline included normal preoperative memory function (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u200915, 95% confidence interval [CI] =\u20094.03\u201355.9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001 for logical memory; OR\u2009=\u20091.5, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12\u20132.01,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.007 for visual reproduction), younger age (OR\u2009=\u20091.2, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12\u20131.28,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), dominant\u2010side surgery (OR\u2009=\u20093.66, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.49\u20138.95,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.01), and lower education level (OR\u2009=\u20098.74, 95% CI 1.77\u201343.2,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.008). The SAH technique was associated with better long\u2010term verbal learning outcomes compared to ATL (OR\u2009=\u20093.02, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.17\u20137.81,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Memory preservation or improvement in the first few postoperative years is usually not sustained in the long term, suggesting that disease progression surpasses plasticity over the years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.18648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T15:14:16Z","timestamp":1759504456000},"page":"85-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010term memory trajectories in seizure\u2010free patients following epilepsy surgery for hippocampal sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8752-5760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William Alves","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Porto Alegre Epilepsy Surgery Program, Neurology and Neurosurgery Services, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"School of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"School of Medicine Universidade Luterana do Brasil  Canoas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Porto Alegre Epilepsy Surgery Program, Neurology and Neurosurgery Services, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Leal\u2010Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Porto Alegre Epilepsy Surgery Program, Neurology and Neurosurgery Services, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wyllians Vendramini","family":"Borelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre 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