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(Verbenaceae) species complex in Australia. We considered taxonomy, spatial distribution and patterns of morphological and genetic variation in populations across the main invaded area (i.e., coastal and subcoastal eastern Australia across 22\u00b0 latitude), and reconstructed their relationships with native\u2010range plants sampled from the Americas. We used DArTseq to generate genome\u2010wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for &gt;\u2009600 individuals and analysed data from &gt;\u200920,000 SNPs to identify genetic structure, and test the extent to which it corresponded with taxonomic descriptions and morphotype concepts used in current lantana biological control programmes. A subset of individuals was also evaluated for ploidy variation using flow cytometry. We used MaxEnt to predict suitable habitat for invasive lantana in Australia, and compared predictions with current distribution patterns, together with variation in morphology and biological control agent susceptibility. Invasive lantana in Australia was not clearly related to any native\u2010range\n                    <jats:italic>Lantana<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Instead, it was characterised as a mosaic of several distinct and divergent genetic lineages, from common and widespread to rare and localised, interspersed with occasional inter\u2010lineage hybrids. This complexity explains why the taxonomy of invasive lantana has been (and will continue to be) challenging. Nevertheless, the main genetic lineages identified here were in agreement with published taxonomic concepts (varieties). Two of these varieties (Common Pink and Common Pink\u2010Edged Red) were found to be dominant, widespread and occupying the full extent of their predicted suitable habitat in Australia. Failing to distinguish different taxa within invasive lantana may affect the success of biological control; taxonomic revision is thus needed to comprehensively define invasive taxa and provide broadly\u2010applicable tools to identify them accurately.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.70251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T11:06:08Z","timestamp":1779275168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tangled Evolutionary History: Genetically Divergent Taxa and Hybrids Characterise Lantana Invasions in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1116-9402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Lu\u2010Irving","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience Botanic Gardens of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"National Herbarium of New South Wales Botanic Gardens of Sydney  Mount Annan New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0426-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Encinas\u2010Viso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of National Australian Biodiversity Research CSIRO  Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7415-8690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eilish","family":"McMaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience Botanic Gardens of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Life, Earth, and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Callander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Industries Ecosciences Precinct  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5856-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Industries Ecosciences Precinct  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7911-9810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes J.","family":"Le Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and Zoology  Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South\u00a0Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2024.e03212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Economic Impact of Lantana on the Australian Grazing Industry","author":"AEC Group","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1954.tb01504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/160.3.1217"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI15603-20","article-title":"Genome Size and Karyotype Studies in Five Species of Lantana (Verbenaceae)","volume":"56","author":"Brooks Parrish S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"HortScience: A Publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00075-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plaa069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI.49.10.1271","article-title":"Ploidy Levels and Pollen Stainability of \n                     Lantana camara\n                   Cultivars and Breeding Lines","volume":"49","author":"Czarnecki D. 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