{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:58:35Z","timestamp":1790668715766,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evolutionary Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Predicting population, species, and community responses to climate change is critical for the successful management of wild ecosystems. However, climate change does not act alone. Interactions among climate change and other anthropogenic threats could significantly complicate predictions of global change yet have rarely been examined.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Salmo salar<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (Atlantic salmon) are an increasingly at\u2010risk northern diadromous fish, exposed to multiple threats including a changing climate and introgression from net\u2010pen aquaculture escapees. Introgression from aquaculture escapees could alter wild salmon climate change responses through the introduction of maladaptive climate\u2010associated variation. Here we conducted a genome\u2010environment association analysis for wild Atlantic salmon throughout North America (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095208 samples) using a 220\u2009K SNP array and explored differences between wild and aquaculture salmon at climate\u2010associated loci. Environmental associations suggest a polygenic basis to climate adaptation which includes a large chromosomal translocation, previously implicated in climate\u2010associated adaptation. Genomic differences between wild and domestic salmon generally increase with increasing geographic distance from the southern source location of North American salmon aquaculture. Wild salmon populations differed more genetically from aquaculture salmon (\n                    <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>ST<\/jats:sub>\n                    ~ two\u2010fold higher) at climate\u2010associated loci than genome\u2010wide, suggesting introgression may erode climate adaptation in the wild, and further amplify the negative impacts of climate change on these populations. The results suggest a more encompassing view of anthropogenic impacts which explicitly considers interactions among environmental and anthropogenic threats is needed to better understand and conserve wild populations in a changing world.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.70319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:45:56Z","timestamp":1790667956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Compounding Impacts\u2014Genomic Exploration of the Potential Effect of Domestic Introgression on Climate Adaptation in Atlantic Salmon (\n                    <i>Salmo salar<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7267-4962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hallie","family":"Arno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ocean Sciences Memorial University  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Kess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5020-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5144-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Marquis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Lakes Forestry Center Natural Resources Canada  Sault Ste Marie Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8614-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha V.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Biodiversity and Freshwater Conservation University of the Highlands and Islands  Inverness UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Lehnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5541-824X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian A.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ocean Sciences Memorial University  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian R.","family":"Bradbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre  St. John's Newfoundland Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915\u2010024\u201002107\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559\u2010024\u201002443\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752\u20104571.2008.00026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1145621"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coac086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.13813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Atlantic Canada Fish Farmers Association. n.d.\u201cFish Farm Facts at a Glance.\u201dAcffa.https:\/\/atlanticfishfarmers.com\/fish\u2010farm\u2010facts\/at\u2010a\u2010glance\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2007.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.70148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abj3397"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2010.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/aei00346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548\u20108659(2001)130<1211:CTMOWA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.2592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.70054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsag078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41437\u2010021\u201000469\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23308249.2024.2341023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2019.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523\u20101739.2003.02026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12378"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.5086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054\u20103139(97)80009\u20104"},{"issue":"1452","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1173","article-title":"Lifetime Success and Interactions of Farm Salmon Invading a Native Population","volume":"267","author":"Fleming I. A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsx020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz931"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"Glebe B. D.1988.\u201cEast Coast Salmon Aquaculture Breeding Programs History and Future.\u201dCanadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document 98(157)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/faf.12214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","unstructured":"Government of Newfoundland and Labrador.2026.\u201cLicensed Fish Processors and Aquaculture Sites.\u201d[Map]. Newfoundland and Labrador GIS Mapping.https:\/\/geohub\u2010gnl.hub.arcgis.com\/apps\/79612964557b4c3e895da0f5e1a0ee5e\/explore."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10641\u2010011\u20109929\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.70220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.17650"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.1996.0178"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2024.740678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icesjms.2006.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2020.102784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102486.2010.02350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2020.105029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.171394"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.2009.02380.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.11068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfas\u20102017\u20100386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u2010294X.2009.04100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adn7118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.119.400882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003\u2010023\u201005170\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.17236"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.13587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201010972\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:osobl\/9780199663217.003.0007","volume-title":"Free\u2010Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation","author":"Leonard J. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012550620717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695\u2010022\u201001163\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102164\u201015\u2010462"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.13432"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.0799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2520"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/F08\u2010181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.16029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1641\/0006\u20103568(2005)055[0427:FSATRO]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jbi.14852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","unstructured":"Oksanen J. G. L.Simpson F. G.Blanchet et\u00a0al.2024.\u201cvegan: Community Ecology Package [Manual].\u201dhttps:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=vegan."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/aei00429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","unstructured":"Province of New Brunswick.2026.\u201cAgriculture Aquaculture and Fisheries\u2014Salmon.\u201dNew Brunswick.https:\/\/www2.gnb.ca\/content\/gnb\/en\/departments\/10\/aquaculture\/content\/overview\/salmon.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","unstructured":"Province of Nova Scotia. n.d.\u201cAquaculture Information for the Public.\u201dNova Scotia.https:\/\/novascotia.ca\/fish\/aquaculture\/public\u2010information\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1086\/519795","article-title":"PLINK: A Tool Set for Whole\u2010Genome Association and Population\u2010Based Linkage Analyses","volume":"81","author":"Purcell S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122\u2010021\u201003793\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","unstructured":"Rajagopal V. M.2016.\u201cggman: R Package for Manhattan Plots\u201d GitHub Repository github.com\/drveera\/ggman."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u2010294X.2007.03417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1820663116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201015735\u20106"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-025-01672-8","article-title":"Genetic Monitoring Suggests Ongoing Genetic Change in Wild Salmon Populations due to Hybridization With Aquaculture Escapees","volume":"26","author":"San Rom\u00e1n I. C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Conservation Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/12\u20101358.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752\u20104571.2010.00157.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","first-page":"1388","article-title":"A Review on the Role of Inositol in Aquaculture","volume":"15","author":"Shirmohammad F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f2012\u2010118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13867"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12746"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.3624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","unstructured":"Thorstad E. B. I. A.Fleming P.McGinnity D.Soto V.Wennevik andF.Whoriskey.2008.\u201cIncidence and Impacts of Escaped Farmed Atlantic SalmonSalmo salarin Nature.\u201dIn110. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA).https:\/\/brage.nina.no\/nina\u2010xmlui\/handle\/11250\/2725676."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.13307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2020.0214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752\u20104571.2011.00210.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.1989.tb03063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.13213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2408641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003\u2010018\u20100112\u20109"}],"container-title":["Evolutionary Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eva.70319","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/eva.70319","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eva.70319","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:46:03Z","timestamp":1790667963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eva.70319"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eva.70319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eva.70319","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-4571","1752-4571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-4571","type":"print"},{"value":"1752-4571","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70319"}}