{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T23:23:07Z","timestamp":1774308187185,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,19]],"date-time":"2012-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While surgical arthrodesis is the treatment of choice for osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joint, some clients are unable to pursue surgery due to costs. A more economical technique was sought using intra\u2010articular ethyl alcohol injections to facilitate ankylosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the technique and outcome of intra\u2010articular ethyl alcohol injections for facilitated ankylosis of proximal interphalangeal joints with osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As a retrospective case series, the medical records (2006\u20132012) of clinical cases diagnosed with proximal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis treated with intra\u2010articular ethyl alcohol injections were reviewed. Cases with follow\u2010up of at least 6 months were included. Technique and outcome were determined. Evaluation of outcome was assessed using return to previous performance or intended use and owner satisfaction as the indicators of success. Soundness and level of work are also reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010four horses were included in the study. At the time of follow\u2010up, 17 horses (50%) were sound, while 13 horses (38%) were improved but not sound. One horse's lameness was unchanged, and 3 horses were lost to follow\u2010up. The median time until horses became sound or returned to work was 8 months. Six horses had complications, 4 of which were mild and transient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and potential relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of intra\u2010articular ethyl alcohol in the proximal interphalangeal joint in horses affected by osteoarthritis appears to be a viable method for facilitated ankylosis if surgical management is not an option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,25]],"date-time":"2012-10-25T22:11:11Z","timestamp":1351203071000},"page":"442-447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Retrospective evaluation of facilitated pastern ankylosis using intra\u2010articular ethanol injections: 34 cases (2006\u20132012)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Caston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"McClure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Beug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red Lodge Veterinary Clinic Red Lodge  Montana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Reinertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University  USA"},{"name":"Department of Statistics College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Iowa State University  USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2005.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B1-41-600123-9\/50086-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1993.tb01685.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2001.25873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516401776249552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406X154840"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03471.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2004.tb14636.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ctep.2002.33172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.1800"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"An evaluation of chemical arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal joint in the horse using monoiodoacetate","volume":"64","author":"Penraat J.H.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. 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