{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:00:13Z","timestamp":1790103613494,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing the study<\/jats:title>\n \n Increased levels of pregnanes have been reported in foals with neonatal maladjustment syndrome (\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). These steroids may cross the blood\u2013brain barrier and have depressive effects in the central nervous system leading to behavioural abnormalities and altered states of consciousness in affected foals.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n The aim of this study was to determine the pregnane profile of foals with\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and compare it with that of healthy controls and sick, non\u2010\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n foals.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Prospective\u2010clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010two foals with a clinical diagnosis of\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 12 foals with other neonatal disorders and 10 healthy control foals were selected for the study. Heparinised blood samples were collected from each group of foals and pregnane and androgen concentrations determined using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry at 0, 24 and 48\u2009h of age.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Healthy foals showed a significant decrease in pregnane concentrations over the first 48\u2009h of life (P<0.01). Foals with\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and sick, non\u2010\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n foals had significantly increased progesterone, pregnenolone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and epitestosterone concentrations compared with healthy foals (P<0.05). Progesterone and pregnenolone concentrations of sick, non\u2010\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n foals decreased significantly over 48\u2009h (P<0.05), whereas concentrations in\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n foals remained increased.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and potential relevance<\/jats:title>\n \n Pregnane concentrations of ill, neonatal foals remain increased following birth, reflecting a delayed, or interrupted, transition from intra\u2010 to extra\u2010uterine life. Serial progesterone and pregnenolone measurement may be useful in aiding diagnosis of\n NMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,19]],"date-time":"2013-02-19T13:00:26Z","timestamp":1361278826000},"page":"661-665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Abnormal plasma neuroactive progestagen derivatives in ill, neonatal foals presented to the neonatal intensive care unit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Aleman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Pickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Stanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System (CAHFS) School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Haggett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Equine Hospital Suffolk UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Purdue University Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Madigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"Historical factors, clinicopathologic findings, clinical features, and outcome of equine neonates presenting with or developing signs of central nervous system disease","volume":"41","author":"Bernard W.V.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Practnrs."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"658","article-title":"Equine neonatal disease: a review","volume":"23","author":"Rossdale P.D.","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1988.tb04635.x","article-title":"Neonatal maladjustment syndrome: its relationship to perinatal hypoxic\u2010ischaemic insults","volume":"5","author":"Drummond W.H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30374-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1972.tb03892.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0645.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)33422-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0437-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(96)01773-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"609","article-title":"Plasma progestagen concentrations in the normal and dysmature newborn foal","volume":"44","author":"Houghton E.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9950567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(98)00071-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(01)00503-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-2760(94)90114-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2007.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/86.3.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01445.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"517","article-title":"Plasma progestagens in the mare, fetus and newborn foal","volume":"44","author":"Holtan D.W.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2005.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/212842a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/R97074"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1520379"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01861-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000097990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1065367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05085.x","article-title":"Readiness for birth: an endocrinological duet between fetal foal and mare","volume":"24","author":"Rossdale P.D.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J. Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"The maladjusted foal: influences of intrauterine growth retardation and birth trauma","volume":"51","author":"Rossdale P.D.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Practnrs."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(99)00222-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000064905.64688.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1820081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200212000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(97)00041-1"}],"container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fevj.12065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/evj.12065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:50:22Z","timestamp":1762091422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/evj.12065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/evj.12065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.12065","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0425-1644","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-3306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-01-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-04-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}