{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T01:14:40Z","timestamp":1775092480662,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n \n The pathogenesis of dynamic bilateral laryngeal collapse (\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) associated with poll flexion is unknown. Diagnosis is dependent upon exercise endoscopy while replicating the flexed head position harness racehorses experience during racing.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To describe the effects of poll flexion on rostrocaudal laryngeal positioning and laryngeal lumen width in resting horses diagnosed with\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to controls, and to establish diagnostic criteria for\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n by use of diagnostic imaging.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Case\u2010control study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Fifty harness racehorses were prospectively included in the study: 25 cases diagnosed with\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n by treadmill endoscopy and 25 controls in which treadmill endoscopy revealed no abnormal findings. Laryngeal radiography and ultrasonography were obtained in neutral and flexed head positions. Laryngeal positioning and laryngohyoid conformation were compared between the groups and head positions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Poll flexion induced a greater rostral advancement of the larynx in relation to the hyoid apparatus in resting harness racehorses affected with\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to controls (\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.007). At the level of the vocal folds, poll flexion resulted in a smaller laryngeal lumen width in horses affected with\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to controls (\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.04). Horses were significantly more likely to be affected with\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n when the thyrohyoid bone to thyroid cartilage distance was \u226512\u2009mm in poll flexion (odds ratio 21.3, 95% confidence interval 3.65\u2013124.8,\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.004) and when laryngeal lumen width at the level of the vocal folds was less in poll flexion than in the neutral head position (odds ratio 8.4; 95% confidence interval 1.6\u201344.1,\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n = 0.012).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and potential relevance<\/jats:title>\n \n In\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n horses, poll flexion advanced the larynx more rostrally and resulted in a decreased airway lumen width compared to control horses. Laryngeal ultrasound and radiography may facilitate the diagnosis of\n DLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n at rest.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,19]],"date-time":"2013-02-19T13:00:27Z","timestamp":1361278827000},"page":"705-710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Results of upper airway radiography and ultrasonography predict dynamic laryngeal collapse in affected horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"C. T.","family":"Fjordbakk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Equine Teaching Hospital Norwegian School of Veterinary Science Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"Chalmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. J.","family":"Holcombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine East Lansing, Michigan State University USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Strand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Equine Teaching Hospital Norwegian School of Veterinary Science Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2004.tb00306.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2008.00396.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20100607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2010.00171.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00388.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04883.x","article-title":"Effect of head position on upper airway function in exercising horses","volume":"18","author":"Petche V.M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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