{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:26:54Z","timestamp":1790785614980,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,5]],"date-time":"2013-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n \n Lysis of the axial aspect of equine proximal sesamoid bones (\n PSBs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a rare condition reported to have septic or traumatic origins. Limited information exists regarding imaging of nonseptic axial osteitis of a\n PSB<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To report the clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic, computed tomographic and intra\u2010arterial contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomographic abnormalities in horses with axial nonseptic osteitis of a\n PSB<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Eighteen horses diagnosed with nonseptic osteitis of the axial border of a\n PSB<\/jats:styled-content>\n between 2007 and 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Case details, clinical examination, radiographic, ultrasonographic, computed tomographic and intra\u2010arterial\/intra\u2010articular contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomographic features were recorded, when available. Radiographic, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic evaluations of the fetlock region had been performed on 18, 15 and 9 horses, respectively. The effect of the degree of lysis on the grade and duration of lameness was determined.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n All horses had chronic unilateral lameness, 4 with forelimb and 14 with hindlimb signs. On radiographs, lysis was identified in both\n PSBs<\/jats:styled-content>\n in 14 horses, one\n PSB<\/jats:styled-content>\n in 3 horses and in one horse no lysis was identified. The degree of osteolysis was variable. Ultrasonography identified variably sized irregularities of the bone surface and alteration in echogenicity of the palmar\/plantar ligament (\n PL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). All horses undergoing computed tomographic examination (n = 9) had biaxial lysis. The lesions were significantly longer and deeper on computed tomographic images compared with radiographic images. Intra\u2010arterial contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomography may reveal moderate to marked contrast enhancement of the\n PL<\/jats:styled-content>\n . There was no significant effect of the degree of lysis on the grade and duration of lameness.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Lesions of nonseptic axial osteitis of a\n PSB<\/jats:styled-content>\n can be identified using a combination of radiography and ultrasonography. Computed tomography provides additional information regarding the extent of the pathology.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T06:48:45Z","timestamp":1373957325000},"page":"463-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic and computed tomographic features of nonseptic osteitis of the axial border of the proximal sesamoid bones"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Vanderperren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lingehoeve Diergeneeskunde \u2013 VetCT The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. J. P.","family":"Spoormakers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lingehoeve Diergeneeskunde \u2013 VetCT The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Pille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Duchateau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biometrics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Puchalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine University of California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.219.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2012.00387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20090108","article-title":"Clinical findings and treatment of aseptic necrosis of the proximal sesamoid bones in an Icelandic pony","volume":"25","author":"Hauri S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pferdeheilkunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"738","volume-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse","author":"Dyson S.J.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"Voermans M. 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