{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T01:32:02Z","timestamp":1780450322104,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006515","name":"El\u00e4inl\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen Tutkimuksen Tukis\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hoof lamellar pathology in horses with pituitary\n                      <jats:italic>pars intermedia<\/jats:italic>\n                      dysfunction (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) has not been described previously.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To describe the histomorphometry and pathological lesions in hoof lamellar tissue of animals that had\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      with or without concurrent laminitis, with reference to age\u2010matched controls. We hypothesised that lamellar lesions consistent with laminitis would be associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , even in animals without current or historical laminitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mid\u2010dorsal hoof histological sections were obtained\n                      <jats:italic>post mortem<\/jats:italic>\n                      from the forelimbs of 16\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010affected animals either with (n\u00a0=\u00a06) or without laminitis (n\u00a0=\u00a010) and 10 age\u2010 and breed\u2010matched controls. Sections were examined by a blinded veterinary pathologist. The length and width of 10 primary epidermal lamellae were measured using image analysis software. The morphology and pathology of primary and secondary epidermal lamellae were then typed or graded in axial, middle and abaxial regions. Fasting serum insulin, plasma adrenocorticotropin and blood glucose concentration were measured from blood samples taken prior to euthanasia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All animals with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and laminitis had fasting hyperinsulinaemia (median 74.1 miu\/l, interquartile range 49.9\u2013349.5\u00a0miu\/l) whereas\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      animals without laminitis had serum insulin concentrations below the upper limit of the reference range (&lt;20\u00a0miu\/l). Lamellar pathology in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      animals with laminitis was variable in severity and unrelated to the reported duration of laminitis (range 2\u00a0months\u20135\u00a0years). Most lesions were located abaxially within the lamellar tissue and included increased length and width of the lamellae, chronic abnormal keratinisation, interlamellar epidermal bridging and cell death with more acute lamellar tearing in some cases. The lamellae of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      animals without laminitis were normal referent to the relevant control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Whether\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and hyperinsulinaemia have a causal inter\u2010relationship or not, it may only be the hyperinsulinaemia that is associated with lamellar morphological alteration and pathology consistent with laminitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,13]],"date-time":"2015-04-13T12:08:14Z","timestamp":1428926894000},"page":"472-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Lamellar pathology in horses with pituitary\n                    <i>pars intermedia<\/i>\n                    dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"N. P.","family":"Karikoski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Patterson\u2010Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. R.","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"McFarlane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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