{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:40:42Z","timestamp":1777164042913,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Diseases of the temporomandibular joint (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) are well reported in man and some domestic animals other than the horse. The pathophysiology of equine\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      disease and the effects of disease on the kinematics of mastication are unknown.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine whether transient unilateral inflammation of the equine\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      results in alterations in the masticatory cycle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An experimental controlled study utilising 6 horses of various ages with normal dentition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Each horse was equipped with an optical motion tracking (kinematic) system. Horses were observed chewing grass hay over 3\u00a0min intervals. Regardless of the initial side of the power stroke in the masticatory cycle, lipopolysaccharide (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) was injected in the left\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in each horse and the horses were reassessed after 6\u00a0h.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four horses developed effusion of the injected\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s; 2 of these also began quidding. All horses injected on the original side of the power stroke switched sides while the 2 injected on the contralateral side did not. All horses developed reduced vertical pitch (vertical opening) of the mandible. Overall, rostrocaudal movement of the mandible did not change; however, the timing of this movement relative to the phase of the masticatory cycle did. Injection with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      did not affect the amount of lateral movement of the mandible.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Injection of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      into the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      significantly altered the masticatory cycle compared with baseline values representing avoidance behaviour due to inflammation of the joint, despite which the horses continued to eat using the contralateral mandible. Lipopolysaccharide administration also led to quidding and a loss of feed efficiency (in some individuals).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,18]],"date-time":"2015-04-18T10:08:54Z","timestamp":1429351734000},"page":"523-527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The effect of acute unilateral inflammation of the equine temporomandibular joint on the kinematics of mastication"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"T. T.","family":"Smyth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Carmalt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. T.","family":"Treen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Kinesthesiology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. L.","family":"Lanovaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Kinesthesiology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2001.28438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406776563378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X322166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00030.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.144.14.377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.2005.00010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21836\/PEM20110305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Diagnostische und arthroskopische Verhafahren am Kiefergelenk des Pferdes","volume":"30","author":"Stadtb\u00e4umer G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Tieraerztl. 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