{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:16:14Z","timestamp":1791180974531,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine research fund"},{"name":"University of Berne"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n The diagnosis of equine back disorders is challenging. Objectively determining movement of the vertebral column may therefore be of value in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To establish whether surface\u2010mounted inertial measurement units (\n IMU<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) can be used to establish normal values for range of motion (\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) of the vertebral column in a uniform population of horses trotting under different conditions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n \n Vertebral\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n was established in Franches\u2010Montagnes stallions and a general population of horses and the variability in measurements compared between the two groups. Repeatability and the influence of specific exercise condition (on\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were assessed. Finally, attempts were made to explain the findings of the study through the evaluation of factors that might influence\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Dorsoventral (\n DV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and mediolateral (\n ML<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) vertebral\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n was measured at a trot under different exercise conditions in 27 Franches\u2010Montagnes stallions and six general population horses using\n IMU<\/jats:styled-content>\n s distributed over the vertebral column.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Variability in the\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n measurements was significantly higher for general population horses than for Franches\u2010Montagnes stallions (both\n DV<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n ML ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Repeatability was strong to very strong for\n DV<\/jats:styled-content>\n measurements and moderate for\n ML<\/jats:styled-content>\n measurements. Trotting under saddle significantly reduced the\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n , with sitting trot resulting in a significantly lower\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n than rising trot. Age is unlikely to explain the low variability in vertebral\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n recorded in the Franches\u2010Montagnes horses, while this may be associated with conformational factors.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n It was possible to establish a normal vertebral\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n for a group of Franches\u2010Montagnes stallions. While within\u2010breed variation was low in this population, further studies are necessary to determine variation in vertebral\n ROM<\/jats:styled-content>\n for other breeds and to assess their utility for diagnosis of equine back disorders.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T09:07:20Z","timestamp":1430212040000},"page":"509-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Determination of vertebral range of motion using inertial measurement units in 27 Franches\u2010Montagnes stallions and comparison between conditions and with a mixed population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Heim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne and ALP\u2010Haras Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pfau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Services The Royal Veterinary College University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne and ALP\u2010Haras Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Schweizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne and ALP\u2010Haras Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Doherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Public Health Institute Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sch\u00fcpbach\u2010Regula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Public Health Institute Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne and ALP\u2010Haras Berne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2012.00571.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X397352"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516407X185719"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X343000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00200.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1996.tb01592.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01658"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.02439"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.a.335"},{"issue":"34","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05404.x","article-title":"The cost of transport in an extended trot","volume":"34","author":"Wickler S.J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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