{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T22:08:52Z","timestamp":1774822132325,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001799","name":"Murdoch University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n \n Ambient temperature has been identified as a risk factor for exercise\u2010induced pulmonary haemorrhage (\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in racing Thoroughbreds. This warranted a more expansive investigation of climatic conditions on the incidence and severity of\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The impact of other variables such as the type of bit used, tongue ties and nonstandard shoes has not been reported and also warrant investigation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To examine the effect of various climatic variables as contributing risk factors for\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Other previously uninvestigated variables as well as standard track and population factors will also be examined.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thoroughbred racehorses competing at metropolitan racetracks in Perth, Western Australia were examined 30\u2013200\u00a0min post race with tracheobronchoscopy. Examination took place at 48 race meetings over a 12\u00a0month period. Examinations were graded (0\u20134), independently by two experienced veterinarians. Univariable analyses were performed and variables with a P<0.25 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis. The analysis was performed twice using the presence of blood (\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grade 0<\/jats:italic>\n vs. grades \u22651) and\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22641 vs.\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22652 as dependent variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Exercise\u2010induced pulmonary haemorrhage was diagnosed in 56.6% of observations. Lower ambient temperature was significantly associated with\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22651 (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.95; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.93\u20130.98) and\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22652 (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.97; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.94\u20131.0). Bar shoes were significantly associated with\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22651 (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6.35; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2.17\u201318.54) and\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grades \u22652 (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2.72; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.3\u20135.68). Increasing race distance was significantly associated with\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grade \u22651 and increasing lifetime starts was significantly associated with\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n grade \u22652.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Ambient temperature is a risk factor for\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n in Thoroughbred racehorses, with lower temperatures associated with increased risk. Bar shoes are a novel risk factor for\n EIPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n in this population.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T09:41:15Z","timestamp":1431337275000},"page":"438-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Bar shoes and ambient temperature are risk factors for exercise\u2010induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred racehorses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"E. J.","family":"Crispe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. 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