{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:04:12Z","timestamp":1771232652985,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall rate of sepsis following endoscopic surgery of synovial structures has not previously been documented. Clinical observation has led to the conjecture that tendon sheaths, in particular the carpal flexor tendon sheath, are more prone to post operative synovial sepsis than other synovial structures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To document and investigate the rate of post operative synovial sepsis following elective endoscopic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medical records of horses that underwent arthroscopy, tenoscopy or bursoscopy at Donnington Grove Veterinary Surgery between January 1999 and July 2012 were reviewed. The signalment, anatomical structure involved, use of electrosurgery, tourniquet or motorised resector, presence of a fracture, whether surgery was performed with the horse standing or under general anaesthesia and the number of structures examined were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between the selected variables and synovial sepsis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Level of significance was P&lt;0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 1670 horses that underwent endoscopic surgery of 3159 synovial structures: 2517 joints, 583 tendon sheaths and 59 bursae. There were 16 cases of post operative sepsis in 16 horses; therefore, the infection rate was one per 100 horses or 5 per 1000 procedures. Carpal sheath tenoscopy was associated with an OR of developing post operative synovial sepsis of 14.9 (95% CI 4.8\u201345.9, P&lt;0.001) compared to other synovial structures. Tendon sheath endoscopy had an OR of developing post operative synovial sepsis of 5.21 (95% CI 1.24\u201321.91, P&lt;0.02) compared to other synovial structures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgeons should be aware that tendon sheaths and the carpal sheath in particular appear to have higher odds of developing sepsis following endoscopic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,20]],"date-time":"2015-06-20T04:59:52Z","timestamp":1434776392000},"page":"430-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Post operative synovial sepsis following endoscopic surgery: Increased risk associated with the carpal sheath"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Hawthorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wessex Equine Ltd Wiltshire"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Reardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"O'Meara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bryan O'Meara Veterinary Consultancy Great Shefford England"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donnington Grove Vet Surgery Berkshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Bladon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donnington Grove Vet Surgery Berkshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7234-3281-4.50020-8","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Surgical Arthroscopy in the Horse","author":"McIlwraith C.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.229.12.1949","article-title":"Evaluation of the rate of development of septic arthritis after elective arthroscopy in horses: 7 Cases (1994\u20102003)","volume":"229","author":"Olds A.M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2013.01106.x","article-title":"Postoperative septic arthritis after elective equine arthroscopy without antimicrobial prophylaxis","volume":"42","author":"Borg H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02873.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of 192 horses affected with septic arthritis\/tenosynovitis","volume":"24","author":"Schneider R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-6069-7.00065-1","volume-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse","author":"Bertone A.L.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1990.51.09.1363","article-title":"Synovial fluid pH, cytologic characteristics, and gentamicin concentration after intra\u2010articular administration of the drug in an experimental model of infectious arthritis in horses","volume":"51","author":"Lloyd K.C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668020-00011","article-title":"Arthroscopy\u2010 \u201cno problem surgery\u201d. An analysis of complications in two thousand six hundred and forty cases","volume":"68","author":"Sherman O.","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1086\/324627","article-title":"Postarthroscopy surgical site infections: review of the literature","volume":"34","author":"Babcock H.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2011.01050.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of the rate of postoperative septic arthritis following 353 elective arthroscopies","volume":"52","author":"Ridge P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1997.tb01474.x","article-title":"Evaluation of skin bacterial flora before and after aseptic preparation of clipped and nonclipped arthrocentesis sites in horses","volume":"26","author":"Hague B.A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"379","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Surgical Arthroscopy In the Horse","author":"McIlwraith C.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"677","volume-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse","author":"Cauvin E.R.J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00770.x","article-title":"Electrosurgical tenoscopic desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the superficial digital flexor muscle (proximal check ligament) in horses","volume":"40","author":"David F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Surg."}],"container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fevj.12472","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/evj.12472","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:54:10Z","timestamp":1762080850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/evj.12472"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/evj.12472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.12472","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0425-1644","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-3306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-08-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}