{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:23:49Z","timestamp":1792787029013,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Equine Guelph, Ontario, Canada"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n \n Improvement has been reported following intra\u2010articular (i.a.) injection of mesenchymal stromal cells (\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) in several species. These observations have led to the use of i.a.\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in equine practice with little understanding of the mechanisms by which perceived improvement occurs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To evaluate the effect of i.a. allogeneic umbilical cord blood (\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010) derived\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s using a lipopolysaccharide (\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) induced synovitis model. We hypothesised that i.a.\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s would reduce the inflammatory response associated with\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n injection.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Randomised, blinded experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Feasibility studies evaluated i.a.\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n or\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s alone into the tarsocrural joint. In the principal study, middle carpal joint synovitis was induced bilaterally with LPS and then\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s were injected into one middle carpal joint. Lameness, routine synovial fluid analysis, and synovial fluid biomarkers were evaluated at 0, 8, 24, 48 and 72\u00a0h.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n injection alone resulted in transient lameness and signs of inflammation. In joints untreated with\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , injection of 30 million\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s resulted in mild synovitis that resolved without treatment. Mild (\n grade 1\u20132<\/jats:italic>\n ) lameness in the\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010treated limb was observed in 2 horses and severe lameness (\n grade 4<\/jats:italic>\n ) in the 3rd, 24\u00a0h post injection. Lameness did not correlate with synovitis induced by\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n injection. Simultaneous injection of\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s resulted in significant reduction in synovial fluid total nucleated, neutrophil and mononuclear cell numbers compared with contralateral\n LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010only joints. No difference was detected in other parameters associated with synovial fluid analysis or in synovial fluid biomarkers. The incidence of lameness was only different from baseline at 8\u00a0h, where horses were lame in\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n limbs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Allogeneic\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s reduced synovial fluid cell populations and stimulated mild self\u2010limiting inflammation in the synovitis model. Continued evaluation of the effects of i.a.\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n therapy on synovitis in horses is needed to evaluate anti\u2010 and proinflammatory properties of\n CB<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s. Immediate interests are dose, timing of treatment, and treatment frequency.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T11:18:55Z","timestamp":1435317535000},"page":"619-625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Equine allogeneic umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stromal cells reduce synovial fluid nucleated cell count and induce mild self\u2010limiting inflammation when evaluated in an lipopolysaccharide induced synovitis model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"L. B.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. B.","family":"Koenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. W. G.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology University of Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. G.","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Guelph Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Orthopaedic Research Lab Aarhus University Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.116.3.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1982.tb02389.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(00)90008-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Tessier L.(2013)Isolation Immunophenotyping and Lymphocyte Suppressive Properties of Equine Cord Blood\u2010Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSc thesis University of Guelph Ontario."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/215517912X647217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3838"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0867-7.00078-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"Platt D.(1996)Articular cartilage homeostasis and the role of growth factors and cytokines in regulating matrix composition. 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