{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:22:01Z","timestamp":1787959321928,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"H. Wilhelm Schaumann Stiftung"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Environmental factors contribute to respiratory diseases in horses and man. During exercise, equine ventilation is increased, potentially increasing exposure of the airways to inhaled particulates. Currently, there is very little information on the quality of air in riding arenas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate air quality and dust particle concentrations in indoor riding arenas before and after use for riding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Air quality was assessed in 4 indoor riding arenas in Saxony\u2010Anhalt, Germany on a monthly basis for 1 year. Concentrations of particles in 6 particle fractions from 0.3 to 5.0\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      m were measured in air collected at 4 points in the riding arenas approximately at the height of the horses\u2019 (1.5 m) and riders\u2019 noses (2.5 m), before and after the arenas were used by one horse performing standardised riding session.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were significant differences in the numbers of particles between the arenas within months and between months within the arenas. Particle numbers were significantly influenced by the month and activities in the arenas before and after riding. The effect of the month on differences in the dust concentration may relate to surface watering. A significant increase in numbers of particles was observed after the riding session. Significant interactions were found between measuring heights and month within arena (P&lt;0.01) and there was an interaction between measuring height and time points (before and after riding, P = 0.02).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The amount of dust dispersed in the air increases during riding in indoor arenas and this appears to be influenced by footing material, direct connections between the arena and stables and season, possibly reflecting surface watering practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T23:15:41Z","timestamp":1446246941000},"page":"73-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Factors associated with dust dispersed in the air of indoor riding arenas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"L\u00fche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Animal Hygiene Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Mielenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Martin\u2010Luther\u2010University Halle\u2010Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Animal Hygiene Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dreyer\u2010Rendelsmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kapellenweg Bergheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Animal Hygiene Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Cargill C.(2000)Controlling and Reducing Airborne Dust in Horse Stables and Transporters. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Barton Australia. Publication No. 99\/44. Available at:www.rirdc.gov.au."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"483","volume-title":"Proceedings of the XIII. International Congress on Animal Hygiene","author":"Banhazi T.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00264.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Houben R.(2008)Ventilation and Air Hygiene Parameters in Horse Stables. Doctoral Thesis University Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6673-4-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2009.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"503","article-title":"Untersuchungen in Reithallen und an verschiedenen Reitbahnbel\u00e4gen unter dem Aspekt der Atemwegsbelastung beim Pferd (Laboruntersuchungen an Reitbahnbel\u00e4gen) (Investigations into the influence of indoor arenas and some riding surfaces on airway contaminations in horses. Laboratory tests on riding surfaces)","volume":"20","author":"Rapp H.J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tieraerztl. Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"74","article-title":"Untersuchungen in Reithallen und an verschiedenen Reitbahnbel\u00e4gen unter dem Aspekt der Atemwegsbelastung beim Pferd (Lufthygienische Untersuchungen in Reithallen) (Investigations in indoor riding arenas and some tread layers under the aspect of airway contamination in horses. Air hygiene in indoor riding arenas)","volume":"19","author":"Rapp H.J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tieraerztl. Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Livestock Environment Symposium","author":"Wheeler E.F.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livprodsci.2004.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Anon(2011).DIN 18123: Baugrund Untersuchung von Bodenproben \u2010 Bestimmung der Korngr\u00f6\u00dfenverteilung (Building ground examination of ground samples \u2010 analysis of grain size distribution).DIN Deutsches Institut f\u00fcr Normung e. V. Berlin Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"236","article-title":"Zusammenhang zwischen luftgetragenen Partikeln und Schimmelpilzen in einem Pferdestall (Correlation between air carried particles and fungi in a horse stable)","volume":"62","author":"Szabo E.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Landtechnik"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","volume-title":"Equine Respiratory Diseases","author":"Art T.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","volume-title":"Equine Arena Handbook: Developing a User Friendly Facility","author":"Malmgren R.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","volume-title":"Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles","author":"Hinds W.C.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02945.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1991.tb02738.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406777749272"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","unstructured":"Anon (2012): DFG 2012Anhang MAK\u2010 und BAT\u2010Werte\u2010Liste (Appendix list of maximal accepted concentrations and biological exposure limits). Wiley\u2010VCHVerlag Weinheim Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","unstructured":"Anon(2013)Empfehlungen zur tiergerechten Pferdehaltung (Recommendations for optimized horse husbandry). Rheinland\u2010Pfalz Ministry of Environment Agriculture Nutrition Viniculture and Forestry Ministeriumf\u00fcr Umwelt Landwirtschaft Ern\u00e4hrung Weinbau und Forsten Rheinland\u2010Pfalz Mainz Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15232\/S1080-7446(15)31181-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-006-0141-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","unstructured":"Anon(2009)Feinstaubbelastung in Deutschland (Fine dust pollution in Germany).Umweltbundesamt Dessau\u2010Rosslau Germany. 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