{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:22:45Z","timestamp":1770218565206,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,26]],"date-time":"2016-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Grayson Jockey Club"},{"name":"Harry M. Zweig Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reasons for performing study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Early detection of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) is of considerable interest to the equine industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To describe two imaging modalities, transoesophageal ultrasound (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEU<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and computed tomography (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) with multiplanar reconstruction to assess laryngeal muscle geometry, and determine the relationship between\n                      <jats:italic>cricoarytenoid dorsalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) geometry and function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two\u2010phase study evaluating\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      geometry in experimental horses and horses with naturally occurring\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Equine\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      muscle volume was determined from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scan sets using volumetric reconstruction with LiveWire. The midbody and caudal dorsal\u2010ventral thickness of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      muscle was determined using a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEU<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in the same horses; and in horses with a range of severity of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (n = 112).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Transoesophageal ultrasound was able to readily image the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      muscles and lower left:right\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      thickness ratios were observed with increasing disease severity. Computed tomography based muscle volume correlated very closely with\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      muscle volume (R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.77).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Computed tomography reconstruction can accurately determine intrinsic laryngeal muscle geometry. A relationship between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEU<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      measurements of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      geometry and laryngeal function was established. These imaging techniques could be used to track the response of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      muscle to restorative surgical treatments such as nerve muscle pedicle graft, nerve anastomosis and functional electrical stimulation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]],"date-time":"2015-12-28T07:17:41Z","timestamp":1451287061000},"page":"395-400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Transoesophageal ultrasound and computer tomographic assessment of the equine\n                    <i>cricoarytenoid dorsalis<\/i>\n                    muscle: Relationship between muscle geometry and exercising laryngeal function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kenny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cercone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Rawlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medtronic Spinal Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. 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