{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T07:36:25Z","timestamp":1785051385439,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]],"date-time":"2016-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Cytology plays a major role in the diagnosis of ocular surface diseases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To compare 2 cytological sampling methods for obtaining corneal and conjunctival cell samples regarding irritation for the patient, invasiveness, sample quality and diagnostic equivalence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Observational prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In 5 healthy horses, conjunctival and corneal samples were taken bilaterally by impression cytology sampling (\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and cytobrush sampling (\n CBS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Irritation and invasiveness were assessed with an eye irritation and an epithelial damaging score system, respectively. Sample quality was evaluated via morphometric analysis and graded by a board certified clinical pathologist. For the assessment of diagnostic equivalence, 15 eyes of 14 client owned horses with ocular surface anomalies were sampled by\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CBS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The methods were compared regarding the types of inflammatory cells and\/or infectious agents detected and if the correct diagnosis could be achieved. Histopathology served as gold standard when available.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n was significantly less invasive and less irritating for the horses. Both methods retrieved cells of overall high quality; the cell quantity was significantly higher in\n IC<\/jats:styled-content>\n samples.\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n preserved the natural cellular layout. There was a fair, but no statistically significant agreement between the diagnostic outcomes between sampling methods although\n CBS<\/jats:styled-content>\n resulted in a slightly greater variability of inflammatory cell types compared to\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n None.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Because of its low irritability and invasiveness\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n can be recommended for cell sampling in fragile corneas and for experimental studies.\n ICS<\/jats:styled-content>\n is especially useful in cases where preservation of cellular layout is advantageous.\n CBS<\/jats:styled-content>\n samples are easier to obtain because of the small equine palpebral fissure. Additionally, the identification of inflammatory cells within conjunctival cell samples is easier. Overall,\n CBS<\/jats:styled-content>\n is still an appropriate method in clinical settings.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,14]],"date-time":"2016-11-14T12:36:11Z","timestamp":1479126971000},"page":"438-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impression cytology as diagnostic tool in horses with and without ocular surface disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"B. K.","family":"Braus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Companion Animals and Horses University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Lehenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Companion Animals and Horses University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Tichy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Nell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Companion Animals and Horses University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Schwendenwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Platform University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12244"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(77)90499-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2003.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/AO:38:2:117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1998.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Conjunctival impression cytology in contact lens wearers","volume":"50","author":"Simon P.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J. 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