{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:30:08Z","timestamp":1788582608096,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005629","name":"Stiftung Tier\u00e4rztliche Hochschule Hannover","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005629","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the horse, effects of cardiovascular\u2010active drugs on local perfusion of the gastrointestinal tract are poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the effect of drugs commonly used to support blood pressure, on local intestinal blood flow and tissue oxygenation under isoflurane anaesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      randomised crossover experiment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten horses were anaesthetised with isoflurane. After 90 min of equilibration three doses (\u03bcg\/kg bwt\/min) of dobutamine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.5\/1\/3), dopamine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\/2\/5), noradrenaline (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.1\/0.2\/0.5) and phenylephrine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.5\/1\/3) were infused for 15 min, in a randomised order, with a 45 min washout\u2010period. Blood flow and tissue oxygenation (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) of jejunum, colon and stomach were measured using white light remission spectrophotometry and laser doppler flowmetry; heart rate (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), mean arterial blood pressure (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), cardiac output (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) were measured and systemic vascular resistance (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to baseline high dose dobutamine significantly increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (P&lt;0.001) and blood flow to the jejunum (+47 \u00b1 26%, P = 0.001) and colon (+29 \u00b1 15%, P&lt;0.001) (mean \u00b1 s.d.). Dopamine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      5) increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      but decreased colonic blood flow (\u221239 \u00b1 21% from baseline, P&lt;0.001), as well as\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      compared to baseline (P&lt;0.001). Noradrenaline had no significant influence on intestinal perfusion, but increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      from baseline (P&lt;0.001). Phenylephrine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      3) caused a significant decrease in blood flow and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , most profoundly at the colon compared to baseline (flow \u221244 \u00b1 21%;\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u221216 \u00b1 3%, P&lt;0.001), while\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      increased and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      decreased (P&lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The measurement technique only allows for flow measurements in arbitrary units, which can limit comparability to other techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the investigated doses dobutamine improved systemic and peripheral haemodynamics, while dopamine decreased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and peripheral perfusion. Noradrenaline increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      while peripheral blood flow was maintained, phenylephrine increased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , but reduced both local and systemic perfusion.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,15]],"date-time":"2017-07-15T13:16:53Z","timestamp":1500124613000},"page":"104-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Effects of dobutamine, dopamine, phenylephrine and noradrenaline on systemic haemodynamics and intestinal perfusion in isoflurane anaesthetised horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2405-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Dancker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hopster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Rohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biometry and Information Processing University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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