{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:33:18Z","timestamp":1790789598112,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007709","name":"Michigan State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007709","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Glucose and insulin dynamics may be different in adult and aged horses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To determine the effects of age and dietary carbohydrates on glucose and insulin dynamics in healthy horses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n \n Balanced Latin square with four isocaloric diets:\n CONTROL<\/jats:styled-content>\n (hay plus restricted\u2010starch\u2010and\u2010sugar fortified pellets),\n STARCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n (control plus kibbled corn),\n FIBER<\/jats:styled-content>\n (control plus unmolassed sugar beet pulp\/soybean hull pellets) and\n SUGAR<\/jats:styled-content>\n (control plus dextrose powder).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 16 healthy Thoroughbreds and Standardbreds divided into two age groups:\n ADULT<\/jats:styled-content>\n (8.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9\u00a0years; n\u00a0=\u00a08) and\n AGED<\/jats:styled-content>\n (20.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.1\u00a0years; n\u00a0=\u00a08). Following dietary adaptation, horses underwent an insulin\u2010modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (\n FSIGTT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), modified oral sugar test (\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and dietary meal challenge. Outcome variables included: insulin sensitivity (\n SI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), disposition index (\n DI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), glucose effectiveness (Sg) and acute insulin response to glucose (\n AIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n g) from the\n FSIGTT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; peak glucose, peak insulin, time to peak, area under the curve for glucose (\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n g) and insulin (\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n i) from the\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n and dietary meal challenge. Data were analyzed using multivariable linear mixed regression modelling.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n AIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n g was higher in\n AGED<\/jats:styled-content>\n (mean [95% confidence interval]; 582.0 [455.0\u2013709.0]) vs.\n ADULT<\/jats:styled-content>\n (358.0 [224.0\u2013491.0]; P\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.03).\n ADULT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n AGED<\/jats:styled-content>\n horses had a higher\n SI<\/jats:styled-content>\n on\n STARCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n (adult: 3.3 [2.3\u20134.2]; aged: 2.8 [1.9\u20133.7]) and\n SUGAR<\/jats:styled-content>\n (adult: 3.4 [2.5\u20134.3]; aged: 4.0 [3.1\u20134.9]) diets compared with\n CONTROL<\/jats:styled-content>\n (adult: 2.0 [1.1\u20132.9], P\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.029 (starch), P\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.009 (sugar); aged: 1.4 [0.5\u20132.2], P\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.009 (starch), P < 0.001 (sugar)). Feeding a\n STARCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n (adult: 21581.0 [15029.0\u201328133.0]; aged: 35205.0 [29194.0\u201341216.0]) or\n SUGAR<\/jats:styled-content>\n (adult: 26050.0 [19885.0\u201332215.0]; aged: 25720.0 [19770.0\u201331670.0]) meal resulted in postprandial hyperinsulinaemia (\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n i).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n Study cohort contained two insulin\u2010sensitive breeds and no insulin\u2010resistant breeds.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Age and diet should be considered when evaluating glucose and insulin dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T02:58:39Z","timestamp":1503025119000},"page":"249-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Effect of age and dietary carbohydrate profiles on glucose and insulin dynamics in horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8028-4685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. I.","family":"Jacob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Geor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massey University College of Sciences Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. S. D.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Studies Group WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition Leicestershire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. E.","family":"McCue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2015.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2003.8192333x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05396.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2003.64.1260"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"Characterization of Equine Metabolic Syndrome and Mapping of Candidate Genetic Loci","author":"Schultz N.E.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/CEP12017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2002.tb05408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2010.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.10.1538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.83102357x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2008.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","volume-title":"Effects of Age and Diet on Glucose and Insulin Dynamics in the Horse","author":"Rapson J.L.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12169"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1994.204.04.627","article-title":"Diagnostic testing for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses","volume":"204","author":"Dybdal N.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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