{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:48:11Z","timestamp":1762102091599,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Diagon Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Evaluation of coagulation status is an important component of critical care. Ongoing monitoring of coagulation status in hospitalised horses has previously been via serial venipuncture due to concerns that sampling directly from the intravenous catheter (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) may alter the accuracy of the results. Adverse effects such as patient anxiety and trauma to the sampled vessel could be avoided by the use of an indwelling\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for repeat blood sampling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To compare coagulation parameters from blood obtained by jugular venipuncture with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      sampling in critically ill horses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A single set of paired blood samples were obtained from horses (n = 55) admitted to an intensive care unit by direct jugular venipuncture and, following removal of a presample, via an indwelling\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . The following coagulation parameters were measured on venipuncture and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      samples: whole blood prothrombin time (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), fresh plasma\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and activated partial thromboplastin time (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aPTT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and stored plasma antithrombin activity (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and fibrinogen concentration. D\u2010dimer concentration was also measured in some horses (n = 22). Comparison of venipuncture and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      results was performed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. Agreement between paired results was assessed using Bland Altman analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Correlation was substantial and agreement was good between sample methods for all parameters except\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and D\u2010dimers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Each coagulation parameter was tested using only one assay. Sampling was limited to a convenience sample and timing of sample collection was not standardised in relation to when the catheter was flushed with heparinised saline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      With the exception of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and D\u2010dimers, coagulation parameters measured on blood samples obtained via an\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      have clinically equivalent values to those obtained by jugular venipuncture.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T06:20:45Z","timestamp":1507098045000},"page":"333-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of two blood sampling techniques for the determination of coagulation parameters in the horse: Jugular venipuncture and indwelling intravenous catheter"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0364-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. J.","family":"Mackenzie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine Clinical Science University of Liverpool, Institute of Veterinary Science Neston Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"McGowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine Clinical Science University of Liverpool, Institute of Veterinary Science Neston Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5671-8623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Pinchbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health Neston Cheshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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