{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:29:29Z","timestamp":1792042169890,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574640000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":345,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]],"date-time":"2018-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001250","name":"Morris Animal Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D14EQ\u2010033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D14EQ\u2010033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001250","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009\u201055205\u201005254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009\u201055205\u201005254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 OD010993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 OD010993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Equine metabolic syndrome (\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a complex clinical disorder with both environmental and genetic factors contributing to\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n phenotypes. Estimates of heritability determine the proportion of variation in a trait that is attributable to genetics.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To provide heritability estimates for nine metabolic traits associated with\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n in two high\u2010risk breeds.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n High\u2010density single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism (\n SNP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) genotype data was used to estimate the heritability (h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) of nine metabolic traits relevant to\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n in a cohort of 264 Welsh ponies and 286 Morgan horses. Traits included measurements of insulin, glucose, non\u2010esterified fatty acids (\n NEFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), triglycerides, leptin, adiponectin,\n ACTH<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and glucose (\n GLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and insulin (\n INS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) following an oral sugar challenge.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In Welsh ponies, seven of the nine traits had statistically significant h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n estimates that were considered moderately to highly heritable (h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n >0.20) including: triglycerides (0.313; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.146), glucose (0.408; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.135),\n NEFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n (0.434; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.136),\n INS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n (0.440; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.148), adiponectin (0.488; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.143), leptin (0.554; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.132) and insulin (0.808; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.108). In Morgans, six of the nine traits had statistically significant h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n estimates that were also determined to be moderately to highly heritable including:\n INS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n (0.359; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.185), leptin (0.486; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.177),\n GLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n (0.566 s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.175), insulin (0.592; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.195),\n NEFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n (0.684; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.164), and adiponectin (0.913; s.e.\u00a0=\u00a00.181).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n \n Insufficient population size may have limited power to obtain statistically significant h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n estimates for\n ACTH<\/jats:styled-content>\n (both breeds), glucose and triglycerides in Morgans and\n GLU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n in Welsh ponies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n This study provides the first concrete evidence of a genetic contribution to key phenotypes associated with\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Eight of these nine traits had moderate to high h\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \n SNP<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n estimates in this cohort. These data demonstrate that continued research for identification of the genetic risk factors for\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n phenotypes within and across breeds is warranted.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,25]],"date-time":"2018-11-25T07:59:08Z","timestamp":1543132748000},"page":"475-480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Heritability of metabolic traits associated with equine metabolic syndrome in Welsh ponies and Morgan horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9450-2893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. M.","family":"Norton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Population Medicine Department 225 Veterinary Medical Center University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. E.","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Population Medicine Department 225 Veterinary Medical Center University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Rendahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mcfarlane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Geor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. R.","family":"Mickelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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