{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:52:56Z","timestamp":1762102376192,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peripheral caries (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) has recently been shown to affect over half of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and Australian horses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine affected cheek teeth histologically and ultrastructurally, to assess the possible route(s) of carious infection into the dental tissues and to further describe the pathological changes in affected teeth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive pathological study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four control and 16 cheek teeth with different grades of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were examined grossly, histologically and by electron microscopy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cariogenic bacteria from plaque entered peripheral cementum perpendicular to the sides of teeth alongside Sharpey's fibres or vascular channels or more horizontally alongside exposed intrinsic fibres and cemental growth lines. Subsequent intra\u2010cemental bacterial spread created different patterns of caries including vertical and horizontal flake\u2010like patterns; deep, large flask\u2010shaped or smaller superficial ellipsoid\u2010shaped lytic lesions. Cemental caries progressed to affect enamel, dentine and even pulp. Gross examination underestimated the degree of caries observed on histological evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No dental histories were available; all teeth were examined on a single occasion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Equine\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      causes different patterns of cemental lesions that appear dependent on the route of cariogenic bacterial invasion. Progression of caries can lead to pulpitis and tooth loss. Gross examination can underestimate the true extent of caries.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T23:14:06Z","timestamp":1556666046000},"page":"104-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A histological and ultrastructural study of equine peripheral caries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3629-5878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Borkent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4941-3151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. 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