{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:55:33Z","timestamp":1790315733151,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001280","name":"Horserace Betting Levy Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies investigating factors associated with survival following endoscopic treatment of contamination\/sepsis of the calcaneal bursa are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the factors associated with survival in horses with contamination\/sepsis of the calcaneal bursae treated endoscopically and to describe the bacterial isolates involved in the synovial infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis of clinical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records from 128 horses with contamination\/sepsis of the calcaneal bursae treated by endoscopic lavage at seven equine hospitals were reviewed. A follow\u2010up questionnaire was used to determine survival and return to athletic performance. Descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazards survival models were used to determine factors associated with survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Horses underwent one (n\u00a0=\u00a0107), two (n\u00a0=\u00a019), or three (n\u00a0=\u00a02) surgeries. Survival to hospital discharge was 84.4%. Univariable survival analysis revealed that administration of systemic antimicrobials prior to referral was associated with reduced mortality (hazard ratio, [HR] 0.41, 95% CI 0.18\u20130.91, P\u00a0=\u00a00.03). Increased mortality was associated with bone fracture\/osteomyelitis (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.12\u20135.26, P\u00a0=\u00a00.03), tendon involvement (\u226530% cross sectional area) (HR 3.78 95% CI 1.78\u20138.04, P\u00a0=\u00a00.001), duration of general anaesthesia (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00\u20131.02, P\u00a0=\u00a00.04), post\u2010operative synoviocentesis (HR 3.18, 95% CI 1.36\u20137.43, P\u00a0=\u00a00.006) and post\u2010operative wound dehiscence (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.08\u20135.65, P\u00a0=\u00a00.04). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model revealed reduced mortality after systemic antimicrobial administration prior to referral (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.11\u20130.60, P\u00a0=\u00a00.002) and increased mortality with tendinous involvement (\u226530% cross\u2010sectional area) (HR 7.92, 95% CI 3.31\u201319.92, P&lt;0.001). At follow\u2010up (median 30\u00a0months, range 0.25\u201313\u00a0years, n\u00a0=\u00a070) 87.1% horses were alive, 7.1% had been euthanised due to the calcaneal injury and 5.7% had been euthanised for unrelated reasons. From 57 horses with athletic performance follow\u2010up, 91.2% returned to the same\/higher level of exercise, 5.3% to a lower level and 3.5% were retired due to persistent lameness of the affected limb.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study and incomplete follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endoscopic treatment of contamination\/sepsis of the calcaneal bursae has an 84% survival rate to hospital discharge. Tendinous involvement reduced survival whilst systemic antimicrobials administration prior to referral improved survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T06:55:09Z","timestamp":1568098509000},"page":"404-410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A multi\u2010centre cohort study investigating the outcome of synovial contamination or sepsis of the calcaneal bursae in horses treated by endoscopic lavage and debridement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3041-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M.","family":"Isgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine Clinical Science Institute of Veterinary Science University of Liverpool Wirral UK"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Institute of Infection and Global Health University of Liverpool Wirral UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. E.","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Institute of Infection and Global Health University of Liverpool Wirral UK"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. R.","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine Clinical Science Institute of Veterinary Science University of Liverpool Wirral UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8076-4235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. E.","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Equine Hospital Exning, Newmarket Suffolk UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2510-6085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Lipreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equine Clinical Science Institute of Veterinary Science University of Liverpool Wirral UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7561-0570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. J. T. Y.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9204-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Bladon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donnington Grove Veterinary Group Newbury Oxfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Boswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Liphook Equine Hospital Forest Mere Liphook Hampshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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