{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T10:55:40Z","timestamp":1772880940424,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Warmblood horses, degenerative joint disease is involved in cervical malformation and malarticulation (CVM). The degree of contribution of articular process joint (APJ) osteochondrosis (OC) is not clear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(a) To explore the presence of predilection sites for APJ OC in cervical and cranial thoracic vertebral columns of Warmblood foals and (b) to examine the correlation of such a site with the predilection site of CVM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven hundred APJ facets of C2 to T2 of 29 foals (11\u00a0months gestation to 12\u00a0months [median age 7\u00a0days; range 365\u00a0days; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2\u201047\u00a0days]) were examined for OC and prevalence between joints, and the predilection site for CVM and the cranial cervical vertebral column were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 20.6% of facets revealed OC. There was no predilection site. Prevalence decreased with age up to 1\u00a0year (odds ratio [OR] 0.997; (95% CI 0.975\u20100.998)) but not up to 5\u00a0months. Severity increased with age in all age ranges (up to 1\u00a0year OR 1.023; 95% CI 1.005\u20101.049; &gt;1\u20105\u00a0months, OR 1.203; 95% CI 1.014e+00\u20101.921; up to 1\u00a0month, OR 1.114; 95% CI 1.041\u20101.228). Highest prevalence was in cranial facets of the cervical and cervical\u2010thoracic joints and in caudal facets of the thoracic joint up to 1\u00a0year and up to 1\u00a0month (OR 0.364; 95% CI 0.170\u20100.745, OR 0.434; 95% CI: 0.235\u20100.782, OR 7.665; 95% CI: 1.615\u201066.553 and OR 0.400; 95% CI 0.170\u20100.880, OR 0.351; 95% CI 0.172\u20100.700, OR 5.317; 95% CI 1.098\u201044.344 respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two\u2010thirds of the foals were less than 1\u00a0month of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Articular process joint OC in Warmblood foals is common and is not more prevalent at CVM predilection sites, suggesting that abnormalities of enchondral ossification may not be major contributors to CVM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T03:53:52Z","timestamp":1580702032000},"page":"664-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in Warmblood foals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8667-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilhelmina","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjolijn","family":"de Mik\u2010van Mourik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-3976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Veraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrating Disciplines Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"van den Broek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Farm Animal Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inge D.","family":"Wijnberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willem","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia of Domestic Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Gr\u00f6ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.237.7.812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctep.2006.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879300500321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588602300408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2007.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2003.tb00246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1991.52.06.873","article-title":"Frequency and severity of osteochondrosis in horses with cervical stenotic myelopathy","volume":"52","author":"Stewart RH","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985818777786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-4-429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985815588778"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information\u2010theoretic approach","author":"Burnham KP","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985815593127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Osteochondrosis and arthrosis in pigs. VII. Relationship to joint shape and exterior conformation","volume":"46","author":"Gr\u00f8ndalen T","year":"1974","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050348"},{"issue":"31","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05323.x","article-title":"Conclusions regarding the influence of exercise on the development of the equine musculoskeletal system with special reference to osteochondrosis","volume":"31","author":"Barneveld A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Equine Vet J."},{"issue":"31","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1999.tb05309.x","article-title":"The effect of exercise on the distribution and manifestation of osteochondrotic lesions in the Warmblood foal","volume":"31","author":"Weeren PR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Equine Vet J."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Joint disease in the horse","author":"Weeren PR","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181aa2acb"}],"container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/evj.13245","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/evj.13245","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/evj.13245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T12:08:00Z","timestamp":1762085280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/evj.13245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/evj.13245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.13245","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0425-1644","2042-3306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0425-1644","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-3306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}