{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:21:09Z","timestamp":1777911669864,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006920","name":"University of Pennsylvania","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strangulating small intestinal lesions in the horse have increased morbidity and mortality compared to nonstrangulating obstructions due to mucosal barrier disruption and subsequent endotoxaemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate protective effects of dexmedetomidine on small intestinal ischaemia\u2010reperfusion injury in the horse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomised, controlled, experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen systemically healthy horses were randomly assigned to three groups: control, preconditioning, and post\u2010conditioning. During isoflurane anaesthesia, complete ischaemia was induced in a 1\u2010m segment of jejunum for 90\u00a0minutes. Horses in the preconditioning and post\u2010conditioning groups received dexmedetomidine (3.5\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg followed by 7\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg\/h) before (preconditioning) or after beginning ischaemia (post\u2010conditioning), and during reperfusion. Jejunal biopsies were collected before ischaemia (baseline\u20101), at the end of the ischaemic period (ischaemia), and 30\u00a0minutes after reperfusion (reperfusion\u20101). Additional biopsies were taken 24\u00a0hours after reperfusion from ischaemia\u2010reperfusion\u2010injured jejunum (reperfusion\u20102). Epithelial injury was scored histologically, and morphometric analyses were used to calculate villus surface area (VSA) denuded of epithelium. Data were analysed using analysis of variance, Kruskal\u2010Wallis and Wilcoxon two\u2010sample tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the control group, epithelial injury scores and percentage of VSA denudation for ischaemia\u2010reperfusion\u2010injured jejunum were higher compared to baseline\u20101 at all time points. The ischaemia and both reperfusion samples from the pre\u2010 and post\u2010conditioning groups had lower epithelial injury scores and percentage of VSA epithelial denudation compared to the control group, with no difference from baseline\u20101 at any time point for the preconditioning group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preconditioning has limited application in the clinical setting with naturally occurring strangulating small intestinal lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexmedetomidine was protective for small intestinal ischaemia\u2010reperfusion injury in the horse when administered before or during ischaemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]],"date-time":"2020-08-30T11:38:33Z","timestamp":1598787513000},"page":"569-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Protective effects of dexmedetomidine on small intestinal ischaemia\u2010reperfusion injury in horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9118-5685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley R.","family":"VanderBroek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9057-2093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie B.","family":"Engiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine B. 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