{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:10:28Z","timestamp":1789387828311,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is little objective information concerning the intra\u2010 and post\u2010operative complications or the long\u2010term outcome of sinoscopic treatment of equine sinus disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To document the long\u2010term outcome, including intra\u2010operative complications, reasons for treatment failure and other complications, in horses undergoing standing sinoscopic treatment of sinus disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Records of sinus disease cases presented to The University of Edinburgh Veterinary School between January 2012 and July 2019 were reviewed. Follow\u2010up information was obtained from clinical records and a telephone questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term follow up for 155 cases treated sinoscopically showed that 108\/155 (69.7%) fully responded to their initial treatment. Concurrent intranasal lesions were identified in 37.4% of cases. Sinusotomy was later required in 10 cases to improve surgical access or sinonasal drainage. Reasons for failure to fully respond to the initial treatment (n\u00a0=\u00a047) included: intra\u2010sinus bone sequestra (n\u00a0=\u00a09), inspissated exudate (n\u00a0=\u00a06) or insects (n\u00a0=\u00a02); similar material and\/or infected conchal bullae in the middle meatus (n\u00a0=\u00a07); persistent oro\u2010maxillary fistulae (n\u00a0=\u00a04), misdiagnosed dental apical infections (n\u00a0=\u00a04); impaired sinonasal drainage (n\u00a0=\u00a04), progressive ethmoid haematoma regrowth (n\u00a0=\u00a03) and undiagnosed causes (n\u00a0=\u00a05). Further treatment of 43 of these cases (67% as outpatients) showed 34\/43 cases fully responding to their second treatment. Only 4\/155 cases (2.6%) required sinonasal fenestration. In the long term, 149\/155 cases (96.1%) showed full and 2\/155 cases (1.3%) showed partial improvement. Sinoscopy portal wound infection occurred in nine cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The length of time between treatment and obtaining follow\u2010up information in some cases. Advances in knowledge and techniques over the duration of the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sinoscopic treatment is a minimally\u2010invasive technique causing minimal morbidity and was successful in 96.1% of cases. Meticulous care should be taken to ensure that bony sequestrae and inspissated exudate are fully removed from the sinuses and nasal cavity during sinoscopic treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,22]],"date-time":"2020-11-22T05:07:58Z","timestamp":1606021678000},"page":"979-989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A long\u2010term study of sinoscopic treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease: 155 cases (2012\u20132019)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4941-3151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Padraic M.","family":"Dixon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5082-5324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekah","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty","family":"Poll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1568-8413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safia","family":"Barakzai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute The University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J. 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